Neural charge

Homeostasis

The process through which the organs/organ systems in the body maintain a stable internal environment.

Coordination

The process by which two or more organs interact and complement each other's functions.

Neural System

A complex system in animals composed of specialized cells called neurons that detect and transmit stimuli.

Central Neural System (CNS)

The part of the human neural system consisting of the brain and spinal cord, responsible for information processing and control.

Peripheral Neural System (PNS)

The part of the neural system that includes all the nerves associated with the CNS.

Afferent Fibres

Nerve fibres that transmit impulses from tissues or organs to the CNS.

Efferent Fibres

Nerve fibres that transmit regulatory impulses from the CNS to peripheral tissues or organs.

Somatic Neural System

The division of the PNS that relays impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles.

Autonomic Neural System

The division of the PNS that transmits impulses from the CNS to involuntary organs and smooth muscles.

Neuron

The structural and functional unit of the neural system, composed of a cell body, dendrites, and axon.

Dendrites

Short fibres that transmit impulses towards the neuron's cell body.

Axon

A long fibre that transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body.

Synapse

The junction between two neurons, where impulses are transmitted.

Neurotransmitters

Chemicals released at the synapse that enable the transmission of impulses from one neuron to another.

Resting Potential

The electrical potential difference across the resting plasma membrane of a neuron.

Action Potential

The electrical potential difference when a neuron is activated (depolarization) during impulse conduction.

Myelinated Axons

Axons that are enveloped by a myelin sheath formed by Schwann cells, allowing for faster impulse conduction.

Unmyelinated Axons

Axons that do not have a myelin sheath and conduct impulses more slowly.

Limbic System

A complex structure in the brain that regulates emotions, memory, and certain autonomic functions.

Forebrain

The part of the brain consisting of the cerebrum, thalamus, and hypothalamus, involved in higher brain functions.

Midbrain

The part of the brain located between the forebrain and hindbrain, involved in visual and auditory processing.

Hindbrain

The part of the brain that includes the pons, cerebellum, and medulla, controlling vital functions.