Renal overview & glomerular filtration 2

GFR will ______ when afferent arteriolar vasodilation occurs.

Increase

A direct mechanism that depolarizes smooth muscle cells in the afferent arteriole, which will lead to vasoconstriction of this vessel.

This process is part of which autoregulatory mechanism?

The myogenic reflex

The capillary hydrostatic pressure in glomerular capillaries is ________ that in most systemic capillaries.

Greater than

_________ is activated by changes in glomerular perfusion.

The myogenic reflex

GFR will _______ decrease when afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs.

Decrease

Renal blood flow will _______ when afferent arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs.

Decrease

The __________ pressure within the ___________ is the primary driving force for filtration.

Hydrostatic; capillary

The ________ pressure within the ______ is the primary driving force for reabsorption.

Oncotic; capillary

As blood moves through the glomerular capillaries, capillary oncotic pressure will _________.

Increase

______ is activated by a decrease in renal perfusion pressure.

RAAS

Net _______ occurs across most systemic capillaries.

Net _______ occurs across glomerular capillaries.

Filtration; filtration

The interstitial hydrostatic pressure associated with glomerular capillaries is _______ that associated with most systemic capillaries.

Greater than

Release of renin is the first step of activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Renin is produced and released by _________.

Juxtaglomerular cells

GFR will ________ as capillary hydrostatic pressure increases.

Increase

__________ is activated by changes in fluid delivery to the tubule.

Tubuloglumerular feedback

GFR will _________ when efferent arteriolar vasodilation occurs.

Decrease

GFR will _________ when efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs.

Increase

Increased activity of nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase, synthesis of nitric oxide and PGE2, and subsequent relaxation of afferent arteriolar smooth muscle and mesangial cells.

This process is part of which autoregulatory mechanism?

Tubuloglomerular feedback

The glomerular filtration barrier is selectively permeable and filters substances by both size and charge.

_______ of the electrolytes (ions) in the blood have the potential to be filtered as they pass through the glomerulus.

All

The glomerular filtration barrier is selectively permeable and filters substances by both size and charge.

_______ of the proteins in the blood have the potential to be filtered as they pass through the glomerulus.

Some

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is calculated using the net ultrafiltration pressure and the ultrafiltration coefficient.

The ultrafiltration pressure is calculated by subtracting the _______ pressure and the ________ pressure from the capillary hydrostatic pressure.

Capillary oncotic; interstitial hydrostatic

Renal blood flow will ________ when efferent arteriolar vasodilation occurs.

Increase

As blood moves through the glomerular capillaries, capillary hydrostatic pressure will _______.

Decrease

The glomerular filtration barrier is selectively permeable and filters substances by both size and charge.

Intermediate-sized molecules may or may not be filtered depending on their charge. __________-charged molecules are more likely to be filtered.

Positively

Renal blood flow will _________ when efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction occurs.

Decrease

The glomerular filtration barrier is selectively permeable and filters substances by both size and charge.

________ of the cells in the blood have the potential to be filtered as they pass through the glomerulus.

None

The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is calculated using the net ultrafiltration pressure and the ultrafiltrate coefficient.

Which of the following does NOT influence the ultrafiltration coefficient?

Capillary hydrostatic and oncotic pressures

Increased activity of the apical Na+-K+-2Cl- symporter, release of ATP and ADO, and subsequent contraction of afferent arteriolar smooth muscle and mesangial cells.

This process is part of which autoregulatory mechanism?

Tubuloglomerular feedback

Increased systemic vasoconstriction, increased sodium reabsorption, and a subsequent increase in systemic blood pressure and blood volume.

These steps are part of which autoregulatory mechanism?

RAAS