CH.17 Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Flashcards covering key concepts from lecture notes on cognitive systems, cerebral hemodynamics, and motor function.

Alterations in Arousal

Changes in the state of being awake; can result from congenital issues, injuries, infections, tumors, and metabolic disorders.

Dysmnesia

Alterations in awareness characterized by memory deficits.

Agnosia

Failure to recognize the form and nature of objects; can be tactile, visual, spatial, or auditory.

Aphasia

Loss of comprehension or production of language; includes expressive and receptive types.

Acute Confusional States

Transient disorders of awareness characterized by abrupt onset and deficits in attention.

Delirium

An acute state of confusion often resulting from metabolic disturbances or central nervous system disruptions.

Dementia

Progressive failure of cerebral functions leading to cognitive impairment; includes types like Alzheimer's.

Seizure

Abnormal excessive discharges of cortical neurons leading to disruption in brain function.

Status Epilepticus

A medical emergency characterized by continuous seizure activity lasting 30 minutes or more.

Hypertonia

Increased muscle tone and resistance to passive movement, may include spasticity and rigidity.

Huntington Disease

An autosomal dominant hereditary degenerative disorder characterized by severe degeneration of basal ganglia.

Parkinson Disease

Degeneration of the basal ganglia leading to symptoms such as rigidity, bradykinesia, and resting tremor.

Cerebral Edema

Increased fluid content in the brain following injury, leading to elevated intracranial pressure.

Hydrocephalus

Condition involving the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles or subarachnoid space.

Decerebrate response

Posturing of all four extremities in rigid extension, indicating severe dysfunction.

Decorticate response

Bilateral flexion of elbows and wrists indicating less severe brain injury than decerebrate.