Medical Terminology Final Review ALHS 1090

Why is medical language necessary and useful?

It allows medical professionals to communicate clearly and quickly with each other and with patients.

acronym for magnetic resonance imaging

MRI

the basic rule for emphasizing syllables

In most words, the emphasis usually falls on the third-to-last syllable.

The proper syllabic breakdown for the word cardiac arrest

car/di/ac a/rrest

The proper syllabic breakdown for the word catheter

cath/e/ter

The syllable is emphasized in hypotonia

hai-poh-TOH-nee-yah (third syllable)

The syllable is emphasized in arthroscope

AR-throh-skohp (first syllable)

Root in medical terminology

The foundation or subject of the term.

enter/o meaning

small intestine

combining form meaning blood

hemat/o

combining form pertaining to suffering or disease

path/o

pertaining to

-ac

-al

-ar

-ary

-eal

-ic

-tic

-ous

small

-icle, -ole, -ule, -ula

my/o and muscul/o

muscle

brady-

slow

tachy-

fast

The root in tachycardia

cardi

hepat/o

liver

pneumon/o, pulmon/o, pneum/o

lung

hyper-

over, above, excessive

hypo-

under, below

myc/o

fungus

sten/o

narrowing

morph/o

change

hydr/o

water

troph/o

nourishment, development

The root in arthroscope

arthr/o- joint

The root in subcutaneous

cutane/o- skin

The root in necrosis

necr/o- death

The root in pyemia

py- pus

ante-

before

oligo-

few

-e -ec -ex means

out

circum-, peri-

around

contra-

against

poly-

many

syn-

with, together

The prefix in the term transdermal

trans- through

The prefix in the term heminephrectomy

hemi- half

The prefix in the term hypertrophic

hyper- over

-algia, -dynia

pain

-logy

study of

-emia

blood condition

-oma

tumor

-rrhaphy

suture

-rrhexis

rupture

-spasm

involuntary contraction

The suffix in craniostomy

stomy- creation of an opening

The suffix in cardiomalacia

malacia- abnormal softening

The suffix in costochondritis

itis- inflammation

The suffix in dysmenorrhea

rrhea- flow

plural form of diagnosis

diagnoses

a combining vowel is not used

to join a root to a suffix that begins with a vowel.

gastr/o + ic =

gastric

vas/o + spasm =

vasospasm

hypo + glyc/o + emia =

hypoglycemia

cardi/o + my/o + pathy =

cardiomyopathy

define a medical term

interpret the suffix first, then the prefix, and finally the root or roots.

The breakdown of the word parts in dialysis

dia/lysis

The breakdown of the word parts in pathogenic

patho/gen/ic

The breakdown of the word parts in hemarthrosis

hem/arthr/osis

The breakdown of the word parts in polyneuropathy

poly/neuro/pathy

subdural

pertaining to beneath the dura (mater)

gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

angiogram

record of the blood vessels

polyneuropathy

disease affecting many nerves

cardiomyotomy

incision into the heart muscle

mycodermatitis

inflammation of the skin caused by fungus

instrument for looking into a joint

arthroscope

sugar deficiency

glycopenia

bad movement condition

dyskinesia

hardening of nerves

neurosclerosis

pertaining to after birth

postpartum

before surgery

Pre-op

PR

rectum

back

dorsal

another name for the cause

etiology

the inferior vena cava location in relation to the heart

below, back

RR

respiratory rate

a patient can be classified _______ if they can accurately answer questions about name, location, and date after an accident

A&O

IM

Intramuscular

a patient admitted to the hospital for observation means

the patient will be in the hospital so that medical professionals can watch him/her.

_______ describes when and why a patient was admitted to the hospital.

Discharge summary

prophylaxis

preventive treatment

______ divides the body from left to right.

Sagittal

opposite sides

Contralateral

I&O, I/O

The amount of fluids a patient has taken in and produced

NEC

Not elsewhere classified

NOS

Not otherwise specified

review of systems

A description of individual body systems to discover any symptoms not directly related to the main problem

CTA

clear to auscultation (description of normal-sounding lungs

a symptom that a patient has again and that continues to get worse is

Recurrent

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