Poultry and Livestock Examination Review

These flashcards cover key terminology and concepts related to poultry and livestock management, reproduction, diseases, and production systems.

All in/all out

A production system where animals go through all stages together without additions, preserving biosecurity.

Vertical integration

A system in which multiple phases of production, processing, and distribution are owned by one entity.

Economy of scale

A situation where fixed costs are spread over an increasing number of production units to yield greater profits.

Mature Chicken

A rooster.

Mature Turkey

A Tom.

Mature Goose

A Gander.

Mature Duck

A Drake.

Capon

An intact male chicken under 1 year old.

Cockerel

A castrated male chicken.

Poult

A turkey aged 1 day to 2 weeks.

Induced molting

A process where farmers force birds to shut down and regenerate feathers, extending their egg production ability.

Avian Influenza

A viral infection affecting birds, transmitted through fecal matter.

Farrowing

The birthing process in swine.

Gilt

An immature female pig.

Sow

A mature female pig.

Barrow

A castrated male pig.

Boar

An intact male pig.

Monogastric omnivores

Animals like pigs that have a single-chambered stomach and have a diet similar to humans.

Hybrid vigor

The improved or increased function of any biological quality in a hybrid offspring.

Estrous cycle in pigs

The cycle lasts 21 days year-round.

Ewe

A female sheep.

Breeding season for sheep and goats

Short-day breeders that breed in the fall.

Orf/Soremouth

A viral infection causing sores and blisters on livestock, transmissible to humans.

Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE)

A neurodegenerative disease in cattle caused by misfolded proteins, leading to severe clinical signs and no treatment.

Cow/Calf farms

Operations producing weanlings weighing between 400-750lbs, typically 6-10 months old.

Feed Lot

A phase of beef production where cattle are fed concentrates and some forage for rumen health.