Tissues & The Integumentary System

A series of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts related to tissues and the integumentary system.

Tissue

A group of cells organized to perform a specific function.

Epithelial Tissue

Covers body surfaces and lines cavities; functions in protection, secretion, absorption.

Connective Tissue

Binds structures together, supports, and protects organs; contains fewer cells and more extracellular matrix.

Muscle Tissue

Responsible for movement; includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscle.

Nervous Tissue

Composed of neurons and neuroglia; responsible for transmitting impulses.

Simple Squamous Epithelium

A single layer of flattened cells; functions in diffusion and filtration.

Cuboidal Epithelium

A single layer of cube-shaped cells; functions in secretion and absorption.

Columnar Epithelium

A single layer of taller cells; often specialized for absorption and secretion.

Stratified Epithelium

Multiple layers of cells; functions primarily in protection.

Transitional Epithelium

Specialized to stretch; found in the bladder.

Glands

Organs composed of epithelial tissue that secrete substances.

Exocrine Glands

Glands that secrete products into ducts or onto surfaces.

Endocrine Glands

Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.

Fibroblasts

Cells that produce fibers and ground substance in connective tissues.

Macrophages

Cells that carry out phagocytosis and help in tissue repair.

Mast Cells

Cells that release histamine and heparin, involved in inflammation.

Hyaline Cartilage

Most common type of cartilage; provides support and flexibility.

Elastic Cartilage

Contains many elastic fibers; found in structures like the outer ear.

Fibrocartilage

Tough, shock-absorbing cartilage found in intervertebral discs.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells housed within lacunae.

Blood

A specialized connective tissue with liquid matrix (plasma) and formed elements (RBCs, WBCs, platelets).

Dermis

Inner layer of skin; contains connective tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.

Epidermis

Outer layer of skin; primarily composed of keratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

Sebaceous Glands

Glands that produce oil (sebum) and are associated with hair follicles.

Sweat Glands

Glands that help regulate body temperature and excrete waste.

Melanin

Pigment produced by melanocytes; protects skin from UV radiation.

Inflammation

The body's response to injury or infection that leads to redness, heat, swelling, and pain.

Regeneration

The process by which tissues repair and restore themselves.