Glucose Management Nursing Practice - Adult Health I

A collection of vocabulary flashcards based on glucose management nursing practice and related disorders.

Glucose Intolerance Disorders

Includes pre-diabetes, diabetes (Type 1, Type 2, gestational diabetes), metabolic syndrome, hypoglycemia, and hyperglycemia.

Metabolic Disorder

Characterized by hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin secretion or ineffective insulin action.

Endogenous Insulin

Insulin that clears from circulating blood in 10 to 15 minutes, plays a major role in metabolism.

Pre-Diabetes

Impaired insulin sensitivity or impaired insulin synthesis/release with fasting glucose levels between 100-125 mg/dL.

A1C Levels for Diabetes

A1C levels greater than 6.5% indicate diabetes.

Dawn Phenomenon

Morning hyperglycemia due to nocturnal surge in growth hormone secretion.

Somogyi Effect

Hypoglycemia overnight leading to hyperglycemia in the morning due to the production of counter-regulatory hormones.

Clinical Manifestations of Diabetes Mellitus

Common symptoms include hyperglycemia, dehydration, fatigue, vision changes, and slow-healing wounds.

Glycemic Index

A ranking of carbohydrates in foods according to how they affect blood glucose levels.

Preventing Long-Term Complications of Diabetes

Focus on achieving euglycemia, preventing retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and educating patients.

Role of Insulin in Diabetes Management

Insulin is used to control blood glucose levels and may be administered via various delivery methods (pump, pen, injection).

Pharmacological Therapy for Diabetes

Includes insulin therapy and oral antidiabetic agents to manage blood sugar levels.

Risk Factors for Diabetes

Family history, obesity, race/ethnicity, age, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome.

Hypoglycemia Definition

Too little glucose available for cells to function; symptoms may include sweating, confusion, and slurred speech.

Client Education on Diabetes Management

Focus on readiness to learn, understanding glucose monitoring, dietary changes, and pharmacological therapy.

At-Risk Populations for Type 2 Diabetes

Includes individuals with a history of gestational diabetes, obesity, or specific racial/ethnic backgrounds.