HUMN 2113 "Carthage" Note Prompts

Tyre

Is an ancient Phoenician port city which, in myth, is known as the birthplace of Europa (who gave Europe its name) and Dido of Carthage

Dido

The founder and first queen of Carthage, bargaining with the local tribes to give her enough land that could be covered by and ox hide, after the founding of Carthage to escape from an unwanted marriage she constructed a funeral pyre, on which she stabbed herself before the people

Apartments

Turning the city sky into property, architectural structures up to six stories high to accommodate all the people wanting to live within the city walls

Limestone

A type of sedimentary rock composed mostly of calcite, a carbonate mineral. It also contains fragments of marine invertebrates such as coral, it has numerous applications as a building material, since it is easy to cut. It is also heavy durable and resistant to exposure

Cisterns

Is a waterproof receptacle for holding liquids, usually water, often built to catch and store rainwater, they are distinguished from wells by their waterproof linings

The Babylonian Empire

An ancient empire of Mesopotamia in the Euphrates River valley. It flourished under Hammurabi and Nebuchadnezzar II but declined after 562 BCE and fell to the Persians in 539

Hanno the Navigator

At the head of a fleet of 60 ships to explore and colonize the northwestern coast of Africa, He sailed through the straits of Gibraltar, founded or repopulated seven colonies along the African coast of what is now Morocco, and explored significantly farther along the Atlantic coast of the continent

The Cothon Harbor at Carthage

Was divided into a rectangular merchant section followed by an inner protected section reserved for military use only. This inner section was
circular and surrounded by an outer ring of structures divided into a series of docking bays for ship maintenance, along with an island structure at its center, altogether the inner docking complex could house up to 220 ships and was protected by an outer wall and the
main entrance could be closed off with iron chains

The Punic Wars

Were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 126 BC. At the time, they were probably the largest wars that had ever taken place in antiquity

Hamilcar Barca

Commanded the Carthaginian land forces in Sicily from 247 BC to 241
BC, during the latter stages of the First Punic War. He kept his army intact and led a successful guerrilla war against the Romans in Sicily

Quinquereme

Perhaps the most famous of the Hellenistic-era warships, using five banks of oars, they were the heaviest type of warship, using a bronze plated ram they were designed for speed and maneuverability

Hannibal Barca

Was a Punic Carthaginian military commander, generally considered one of the greatest military commanders in history at the outbreak of the Second Punic War, when he marched an army, which included elephants, from Iberia over the Pyrenees and the Alps into Italy

Rhone River

Is the historic river of Switzerland and France and one of the most significant waterways of Europe. It is the only major river flowing directly to the Mediterranean Sea and is thoroughly Alpine in character

Gauls

Were Celtic peoples inhabiting what is known modern day France and Germany roughly from the 5th century BC to the 3rd century AD

Hannibal’s barges

A series of giant rafts large enough to shuttle animals and supplies, 200 feet long and 50 feet wide, piled high with sticks and earth not to unsettle the elephants riding them

Battle of Cannae

Battle fought in southern Apulia between the forces of Rome and
Carthage during the Second Punic War, with recorded Roman losses ranging from 55,000 (according to Roman historian Livy) to 70,000 (according to Greek historian Polybius). One of the most significant battles in history, it is regarded by military historians as a classic example of a victorious double envelopment

Scipio Africanus

Roman general noted for his victory over the Carthaginian leader
Hannibal in the great Battle of Zama (202 bce), ending the Second Punic War

Cato

a Roman Senator who was one of the select group who went to arbitrate a dispute with Carthage and Numidia, after seeing the wealth and prosperity with which Carthage had bounded back, went back to Roam and railed in the senate that this means Carthage will be a threat to Rome no matter what any speeches he gave no matter what the topic he always ended then with which he often ended by "Carthago delenda est" or "Carthage must be destroyed" aiding in starting the 3rd Punic War

Walls of Carthage

Had a circumference of about eighteen miles. It was about forty-six feet high, and thirty-four feet thick. The height is that of what is called the curtain, the portions between the towers. The towers were of four stories, and much higher, there were three ditches behind the inner of the three, the fortification proper was built

Hasdrubal

The General who could lead the Carthaginians in the 3rd Punic War