Design 1 - Terms + Construction Documentation

Record Drawings

Also called as-built drawings, it illustrates the project as it was constructed.

Signalized Intersections

These help accomplish traffic control in arterial streets.

Freeway

This road category is characterized by the interstate highway system, moving traffic between cities and across urban areas.

Arterial Streets

This road category refers to major intercity streets.

Project Manual

This comprises all bidding requirements and has two distinct parts: bidding documents and contract documents.

Construction Drawings

Its primary objective is to describe the work to be done in order to achieve a desired design; legally stipulating materials/services required and defining project scope in readily understandable terminologies.

Site Preparation Plan

Also called rough grading plan, this may be required in advance when the client acquires contractors early in the planning process (instead of going through a bidding process).

Bidding Documents

These include the invitation to bid, instruction to bidders, sample forms, and bid data sheets.

Contractors

Also called craftsmen, this term generally refers to the the builders or to those who execute the design.

Location - Sizes

In lighting plans, the electrical conduits and other pertinent electrical elements are handled by an electrical engineer; however, LA's review its ________ and _________.

Expressway

Not all interchanges will be grade separated in this road category, and some direct property access is provided.

Laypersons

This is another term for approvers of a project.

Planting Plan

It shows the location of proposed plants labeled with their names, quantity, size, and intended distance from each other.

Cover Sheet

This sheet includes the project title, addresses, location map, and the index of the sheets.

Proposed Contours

These contours are shown as solid smooth lines in grading plans.

Grading Plan

It graphically shows the existing levels and proposed elevation changes of the site.

Orthographic Projections

In construction details sheets, this should be the designer's primary mode of communication to the contractor, instead of pictorial views.

Pictorial Views

In construction detail sheets, this refers to isometrics and perspectives that consumes time to produce and should only be employed as a supplement to relay design intent.

Site Preparation Plan

This drawing includes (but is not limited to) circulation routes, parking areas, structural foundations, existing and proposed grades, site features, pavements, and utilities/plant materials for removal/retention/protection.

Theoretical Lines

In staking plans, this is the umbrella term for the property lines, centerlines with bearings and distances, easements, setbacks, match lines, and limit of contract line.

On-street parking

Arterial streets provide direct property access at their boundaries; however, ________ is usually prohibited.

Shop Drawings

These are contractor provided drawings showing specific instructions and methods of fabricating and erecting features.

Freeway

It is a limited-access highway with grade separated interchanges.

Construction Documents

Document package that can act as contract between owner and contractor which communicates technical information, serves as construction guide, and sets the scope/standards of the project.

Grading Plan

It shows the location of area drains, drain inlets, and catch basins.

Profile Sheets (General Sections)

These drawings resolve the vertical alignments in reference to the staking and grading plans.

Local Streets

This road category provides direct access to residential properties and allows on-street parking.

Working Drawings

This should present as complete and legible as possible a graphic description of the project, including all details.

Construction Documents

Document package that helps in obtaining necessary permits, and used as reference in case of legal disputes between parties involved.

Local Streets

This is a road category characterized by short streets that discourage through traffic.

95%

The conditions of the contract and specifications comprises as much as ___% of the entire project manual.

Collector Streets

This road category controls traffic through stop signs on the side streets and may allow on-street parking.

Project Manual

Together with the drawings, this constitute the construction document used to build a project and act as a contract between owner and contractor.

Collector Streets

Also referred to as neighborhood streets, this road category picks up the traffic from local streets to arterial streets.

Expressway

This road category is usually a multilane divided highway with controlled access.

Lighting Plan

It shows the location of lighting fixtures with corresponding drawing legend.

Contract Documents

These documents are composed of the owner-contractor agreement, conditions of the contract, general conditions, supplementary conditions, schedule of drawings, and specifications.

Drainage Plan

It shows the location of decorative drains, trench drains, and subdrains which are long type of drains and used for draining large sites.

Planting Sheets

Aside from the planting plans, it includes planting details, planting palette, and comprehensive plant list.

Working Drawings

These drawings are the primary source of information for the builder and often the only item that is carefully studied.

Before

For LEED Certification, special calculations and guides have to be followed _______ submittals of construction drawings.

Index of the sheets

Typically found in the cover sheet, this section gives a brief summary of the coverage of each sheet.

Staking Plan

Also referred to as layout and circulation plan, this shows all existing conditions and the exact location of all proposed structural features, survey monuments, pavement edges, and theoretical lines.

Irrigation Plan

It shows the location of sprinklers, hose bibbs, and quick coupler valves for irrigation.

Existing Contours

These contours are shown as dashed, dotted lines, or spot elevations in grading plans.

Road Transportation

in BP 344, this refers to all road-based transportation such as buses and PUVs.

Rail Transportation

in BP 344, this refers to railway systems in the country.

Water Transportatio

in BP 344, this refers to domestic passenger ships, ferry boats and other water vessels for transport.

Air Transportation

in BP 344, this refers to domestic passenger airplanes.

Accessibility

in BP 344, this is a basic physical planning requirement which states that the built environment shall be designed so that it shall be accessible to all people.

Reachability

in BP 344, thisis a basic physical planning requirement which states that provisions shall be adapted and introduced to make as many places possible be reachable to all.

Usability

in BP 344, this is a basic physical planning requirement which states that the built environment shall be designed so that all persons may use and enjoy it.

Orientation

in BP 344, this is a basic physical planning requirement which states that finding a person’s way inside and outside of a building or open space shall be made easy for everyone.

Safety

in BP 344, this is a basic physical planning requirement which states that designing for safety ensures that people shall be able to move about with fewer hazards to life and death.

Workability and Efficiency

in BP 344, this is a basic physical planning requirement which states that the built environment shall be designed such that it allows PWDs to participate and contribute to developmental growth.

Anthropometrics

This contains information about the dimension and functional capacity of the human body (variations due to gender, age, ethnicity, race).

Static Anthropometrics

refers to measurement of the body at rest (standing, sitting down, on the bed, etc.)

Dynamic Anthropometrics

This refers to measurement of the body while performing activities defined as work.

Ergonomics

This refers to application of human factors in design. It is a term coined by the US Army in designing machines to fit humans.

Proxemics (Proximity)

This studies human perception of space that people feel necessary to set between themselves and others. For instance, spaces can be intimate, public, personal, or social.

Innate Human Attributes (Human Senses)

This includes sight, touch, hearing, smell, and taste (all important in doing studies).