Cell Theory and Microbiology Review

This flashcard set covers the definition of cells, their discovery by Hooke and Leeuwenhoek, the development of the three tenets of Cell Theory by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow, and the basic parts and operation of a light microscope.

Cells are considered the primary __________ of life.

building blocks

The smallest known cell is the __________, a disease-causing bacteria in birds.

Mycoplasma gallicepticum

The size of the Mycoplasma gallicepticum can be as small as __________.

$$0.3\,nm$$

The ostrich's egg is the largest cell and can reach up to __________ in diameter.

$$6\text{ inches}$$

The two primary kinds of cells are __________ cells, which have a true nucleus, and prokaryotic cells, which do not.

eukaryotic

Organisms that are __________ are microscopic and cannot be seen with the unaided eye.

unicellular

In 1665, __________ first recorded cells after observing a piece of cork under a microscope.

Robert Hooke

Robert Hooke published his findings on box-like structures in a book titled __________.

Micrographia

The first scientist to document living microorganisms, which he called 'animalcules,' was __________.

Antoine van Leeuwenhoek

The three scientists who consecutively developed the classical cell theory are Theodor Schwann, Matthias Schleiden, and __________.

Rudolf Virchow

According to the first tenet of Cell Theory, __________ are made up of cells.

all organisms

Cells are often referred to as the __________ of life because all life functions happen within them.

basic unit

The third tenet of Cell Theory states that all cells come from __________.

other cells that are already existing

Matthias Schleiden contributed to cell theory by concluding that all __________ consist of cells.

plants

The phrase __________ used by Rudolf Virchow means that cells arise from pre-existing cells.

omnis cellula e cellula

The word 'lens' is derived from the Latin word for __________, because of its shape.

lentil

To see cells up close, scientists typically use a __________ microscope, which provides a magnified image of small structures.

light

When using a microscope, the first step is to turn the revolving nosepiece so that the __________ objective lens is pointing down.

lowest

To bring a specimen into focus, you should slowly rotate the __________ wheel while looking through the eyepiece.

coarse adjustment

To obtain a clearer image after initial focusing, you should rotate the __________ wheel.

fine adjustment