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Swahili
a Bantu language spoken along the East African coast and the culture of the Swahili people, who are known for their unique blend of African, Arab, and Persian influences, particularly in trade, architecture, and customs.
Zanj Rebellion
a major uprising against Arab rule in the 9th century, led by enslaved Africans known as the Zanj, primarily in present-day Iraq, highlighting the struggles against slavery and oppression in the region.
Great Zimbabwe
a historical city located in present-day Zimbabwe, known for its impressive stone ruins and as a center of trade and political power from the 11th to 15th centuries, reflecting the advanced civilization of the Shona people.
Mali
a powerful West African empire that emerged in the 13th century, renowned for its wealth, particularly during the reign of Mansa Musa, and its cultural and educational centers, such as Timbuktu, which became a hub for trade and scholarship.
Ethiopia
a country in the Horn of Africa with a rich history, known for its ancient civilizations, including the Kingdom of Aksum, and its unique cultural heritage, including being one of the earliest nations to adopt Christianity and its distinct languages and traditions.
