Theology

Blaise Pascal

French mathematician who emphasized the importance of revelation alongside reason to know Truth.

Pope Leo XIII

Helped transition the Church through the Enlightenment, affirming traditional teachings while engaging with modern methods.

False

It is not possible to be both Deist and Catholic or Christian.

True

During the French Revolution, thousands of priests who rejected the Civil Constitution of the Clergy were exiled, killed, or went into hiding.

The French Revolution

Made Deism the official belief and required priests to pledge loyalty to the State.

Jansenism

Movement by Catholic clergy promoting strict standards of perfection and poverty, later condemned by the pope.

Secularization

The process of removing religion from public life and making it a private matter.

Deism

Belief that God created the Universe but does not intervene in history.

Rationalism

Focuses on human reason's ability to determine truth.

Ultramontism

Strong emphasis on the pope's authority and guidance.

Dei Filius

Stressed the authority of God's revelation, placing nature and reason below grace and faith.

Pastor Aeturnus

Emphasized the pope's primacy and infallibility, especially against Enlightenment criticisms.