Anatomy: Appendicular and Axial Skeleton

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering anatomical terminology and the major structures of the appendicular and axial skeletons based on lecture notes.

Process

A prominence or projection in a bone.

Tubercle

A small and rounded projection on a bone.

Tuberosity

A projection on a bone that is larger than a tubercle and rough in texture.

Trochanter

A very large projection on a bone.

Fossa

A blunt depression in a bone.

Appendicular skeleton

The bones of the arms and legs, as well as the shoulder and pelvic girdles.

Axial skeleton

Bones found down the center of the skeleton, including the skull, vertebral column, and the thoracic cage.

Glenoid cavity

A structure found on the scapula.

Acromion process

A prominence found on the scapula.

Coracoid process

A prominence found on the scapula.

Spine of scapula

A prominent ridge on the posterior side of the scapula.

Axillary margin of scapula

the thick, robust edge of the scapula (shoulder blade) that runs downward from the glenoid cavity (shoulder socket) to the inferior angle

Vertebral margin of scapula

The border of the scapula near the vertebral column.

Deltoid tuberosity

A rough area on the shaft of the humerus.

Capitulum

A rounded knob on the distal humerus.

Trochlea

A structure on the distal end of the humerus that articulates with the ulna.

Olecranon fossa

A depression on the posterior surface of the humerus.

Coronoid fossa

A depression on the anterior surface of the humerus.

Greater tubercle

A large prominence on the proximal humerus.

Lesser tubercle

A prominence on the proximal humerus, smaller than the greater tubercle.

Radial tuberosity

A projection on the radius bone.

Styloid process of radius

A pointed projection at the distal end of the radius.

Olecranon process

A prominent projection of the ulna that forms the point of the elbow.

Coronoid process of ulna

A projection on the proximal end of the ulna.

Radial notch

A feature found on the ulna bone.

Styloid process of ulna

A pointed projection at the distal end of the ulna.

Carpals

The bones of the wrist.

Metacarpals

The bones of the palm of the hand.

Phalanges

The bones of the fingers.

Clavicle

a slender, S-shaped bone that acts as a structural strut between the breastbone (sternum) and the shoulder blade (scapula); also known as the collarbone.

Humerus bone

the only bone in your upper arm, running from the shoulder to the elbow

Head of humerus

the smooth, ball-shaped top of the humerus (upper arm bone) that fits into the shallow socket of the scapula to form the shoulder (glenohumeral) joint

Lateral epicondyle

The bony bump on the outer side of the elbow

Medial epicondyle

the prominent, bony bump on the inner side of the elbow

Radius

one of the two large bones in the forearm. Located on the thumb (lateral) side

Scapula

known as the shoulder blade, is a flat, triangular bone located in the upper back

Head of radius

the disk-shaped, bulbous top end of your radius bone, located on the outer (lateral) side of your elbow joint

ulna

the longer, thinner, and medial of the two long bones in the forearm, stretching from the elbow to the pinky side of the wrist

Head of ulna

The rounded, bony protuberance located at the distal (lower) end of the ulna bone in the forearm, right by the pinky side of the wrist