Computers

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Last updated 6:30 PM on 6/5/26
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39 Terms

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The Computer System
A computer is an electronic device that processes data, converting it into information that is useful to people
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The Computer System.
Any computer- regardless of its type- is controlled by programmed instructions, which give the machine a purpose and tell it what to do.
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One of the four main types of computers: used in homes, offices, etc.
Personal
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One of the four main types of computers: used in large organizations. Banks, insurance companies. Connect through terminals
Mainframe
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One of the four main types of computers: phones, tablets, laptops
Mobile
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One of the four main types of computers: fastest and most expensive. Solves trillions of calculations per second
Supercomputer
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Hardware (The computer)
Mechanical devices that make up the computer. Consists of interconnected electronic devices that you can use to control the computer's operation. Controls input and output
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Computer Hardware Component: holds active programs and data
RAM - Random Access Memory
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Computer Hardware Component: the 'brain' of the computer
CPU - Central Processing Unit
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Computer Hardware Component: provides connections to each device
Motherboard - The "foundation"
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Computer Hardware Component: Stores information
Hard Drive
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Software (Programs) (Windows, Operating Systems (OS), Web Browsers (Chrome, Firefox, etc.)
Set of instructions that makes the computer perform tasks
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Data (Information)
Individual facts or pieces of information that, by themselves, don't mean anything.
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Computers take tiny pieces of ___ and convert them into information for us as users
Data (Information)
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Geographical/Transport/Natural/Meteorological/Statistical/Financial/ Scientific/Cutlural
Data Examples
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User (People)
Systems are incomplete without them. However, they are the most dangerous part for security purposes. No system is totally autonomous
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Use in Business - We know that all businesses use technology and computers now. As managers/users/directors, we have to know how to resource our people effectively. Understanding the basics is critical
The Computer System
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A malicious program that attaches itself to legitimate files or programs and spreads when the infected host is executed. Can disrupt operations, compromise data, and create significant risk
Viruses
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Attach to .exe files. Commonly infects unpatched systems
File-Infector Viruses
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Typically run through MS Word or Excel Files. Spread through documents and email attachments. Loaded when docs are opened
Macro Viruses
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Change code when they are opened. Hard to catch and detect
Polymorphic Viruses
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Rewrite their code with each infection. Maintain the same behavior
Metamorphic Viruses
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spyware, adware, ransomware, trojan horses, and worm
Malware
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Cause system downtime and productivity loss. Compromise sensitive data. Increase IT recovery and security costs. Create legal and reputational risks
Virus Effects
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Use in Business - Viruses remain a major organizational risk. User behavior plays a critical role in prevention. Antivirus tools alone are not sufficient. Policies, training, and backups are essential
Viruses
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Fully immersive, computer-generated environment. Replaces the user's real-world surroundings. Users interact via headsets and controllers
VR
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Digital information overlaid onto the real world. Enhances, rather than replaces, physical surroundings. Viewed through smartphones, tablets, or smart glasses
AR
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Use in Business - Training& HR(Safety training simulations)/Operations & Manufacturing (Equipment maintenance guidance)/Marketing & Sales(Virtual product demonstrations)/Healthcare(Surgical training simulations)/Education(Virtual classrooms and labs)

VR

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Cryptocurrency
Form of payment that can be exchanged online forgoods and services
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Have to trade actual currency to access the ____.
Cryptocurrency
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Bitcoin/Ethereum/Tether/XRP/BNB
Cryptocurrencies
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Use in Business - Cross-border payments/Digital assets and NFTs/Decentralized finance
Cryptocurrency
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User initiates a transaction. Transaction is broadcast to the network. Nodes validate the transaction. Transaction added to a block. Block added to the blockchain. Ledger updates across the network
Cryptocurrency Transactions
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Why is Cryptocurrency important?
More and more businesses accepting crypto Customer's desire to use crypto in the marketplace Growing investments in digital currencies Some businesses accepting crypto, while others are resistant
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Components of a Cryptocurrency System: (distributed ledger)
Blockchain
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Components of a Cryptocurrency System: (computers maintaining the network)
Nodes
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Components of a Cryptocurrency System: (rules for nodes to follow)
Consensus mechanisms
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Components of a Cryptocurrency System: security on how things are being done (public/private)
Cryptographic keys
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Components of a Cryptocurrency System: want to buy or sell something you have to log onto these.
Wallets and exchanges