active transport

active transport

used to move ions / molecules against a concentration gradient through ATP

examples

• plants move minerals int their roots by active transport

• thyroid glands bring in iodine

bulk transport

• endocytosis and exocytosis

  • transport occurs through the formation of vesicles

endocytosis

body from the external environment being invaginated by the plasma membrane and enclosed within a vesicle within a cell

exocytosis

vesicles joining to the plasma membrane to release the vesicle content to the external environment

phagocytosis

vesicle that contains solid matter

pinocytosis

vesicle that contains fluid

primary active transport

movement of substances across a semi-permeable membrane against their concentration gradient via carrier proteins using ATP

examples of primary active transport

• sodium-potassium pump

  • Na+ out, K+ in

requirements for active transport

1. binding

2. conformational change

3. release