Fundamentals of Microbiology & Disease

A set of flashcards covering key concepts from the Fundamentals of Microbiology & Disease lecture notes.

What is microbiology?

The study of microscopic organisms, which are the dominant form of life on Earth.

What are the major groups of microorganisms?

Bacteria, fungi, protozoa, algae, and viruses.

What role do microorganisms play in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract?

They synthesize vitamins and nutrients and compete with pathogens for space and resources.

What is the importance of microbial diversity?

Microbial diversity has been shaped by almost 4 billion years of evolution and is influenced by environmental conditions and available nutrients.

What are Koch's Postulates?

A series of four criteria used to establish a causative relationship between a microbe and a disease.

Who pioneered the first vaccine against smallpox?

Edward Jenner.

What are some positive impacts of microorganisms in industry?

Microbial transformations are used in biotechnology, antibiotics production, and bioremediation.

What advancements did Louis Pasteur contribute to microbiology?

Disproved spontaneous generation, developed aseptic techniques, and created vaccinations for anthrax.

What is genomics in the context of molecular microbiology?

The study of all genetic material (DNA) in living cells.

What is the role of antimicrobials and antibiotics?

To intervene in microbial infections and enhance immunity in the human body.