mod 9 phys

respiratory system

Is CO2 concentration related to pH balance?

yes

OTHER functions of respiratory system

-pH

-protection from inhaled substances = boogers, phlem (they trap bad stuff)

-vocalization = air flowing over vocal cords generates sound

-water and heat loss = air that enters is heated to body temp and humidified to keep the linings of airways moist

-respiratory pump = the mechanism where pressure changes in thoracic + abdominal cavity so venous blood can move back to heart

what happens to thoracic cavity pressure during inhale?

-pressure becomes more negative because your lungs EXPAND

from and to what pressures does venous blood move?

-from high pressure (veins outside thoracic cavity) → low pressure (thoracic cavity (ur heart is in the thoracic cavity) )

what is internal (cellular) respiration?

using O2 in mitochondria to generate ATP and CO2 as a waste product

what is external respiration?

what are the 4 steps?

-exchange of CO2 and O2 between atmosphere and tissues

1. pulmonary ventilation = mechanics of breathing

2. pulmonary gas exchange = gas exchange from atmosphere to pulmonary capillary across alveolar wall

3. respiratory gas transport (AKA cardiovascular system) = transportation of CO2 and O2 to their respective destinations

4. tissue gas exchange = gas exchange between systemic capillaries and tissue cells

what are the 8 anatomical areas listed for respiratory system

1. nasal + oral cavities = air enters + exits body

2. pharynx = throat, air from nasal and oral cavity combine here

3. epiglottis = flap made of cartilage that covers trachea during swallowing so food goes to esophagus

4. trachea = has cartilage rings to prevent collapsing when NEGATIVE PRESSURE occurs during inspiration

5. larynx =

6. bronchi

7. terminal bronchioles

8. respiratory bronchioles