chapter 11 human growth and develpment

What is the definition of Emerging Adulthood?

The period from 10 to 18 characterized by puberty and identity confusion

| A late childhood phase with increasing independence

| The transition from adolescence to adulthood, typically from 18 to 25, marked by exploration and change

| A stage of middle adulthood where responsibilities are established

The transition from adolescence to adulthood, typically from 18 to 25, marked by exploration and change

Which of the following is NOT a key feature of emerging adulthood?

Self-focus

| Feeling in-between

| Emotional detachment from family

| instability

Emotional detachment from family

According to the textbook, what are markers of becoming an adult?

Getting married and having children

| Turning 18 and registering to vote

| Physical maturity and leaving home

| Holding a full-time job, economic independence, and taking responsibility for oneself

Holding a full-time job, economic independence, and taking responsibility for oneself

What “replays” after high school and involves a larger, more impersonal school structure?

The social clock phenomenon

| The maturity gap

| The top-dog phenomenon

| The independence dilemma

The top-dog phenomenon

Which of the following is a positive feature of the transition from high school to college? Higher stress levels

| Greater intellectual challenges

| Loss of close social ties

| Increased class sizes

Greater intellectual challenges

The likelihood of maintaining a healthy weight is linked to all of the following EXCEPT:

Avoiding unhealthy weight control behaviors

| Social support

| Restrictive dieting

| Higher body satisfaction

Restrictive dieting

What is the definition of aerobic exercise?

Exercise involving dance and rhythm

| Sustained exercise that stimulates heart and lung activity

| Exercise that strengthens only muscles

| Intense bursts of movement lasting under 10 minutes

Sustained exercise that stimulates heart and lung activity

What best defines binge drinking?

Having five or more drinks in a row in the last two weeks

| Drinking until blackout

| Any alcohol consumption in college

| Drinking more than twice per week

Having five or more drinks in a row in the last two weeks

Which of the following are the most prevalent bacterial STIs?

Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia

| Herpes, HPV, HIV

| Trichomoniasis, Genital Warts, Herpes

| AIDS, Hepatitis B, HPV

Gonorrhea, Syphilis, Chlamydia

Which of the following are the most prevalent viral STIs?

AIDS, Chlamydia, HPV

| Gonorrhea, Chlamydia, Syphilis

| Syphilis, HIV, Trichomoniasis

| Herpes, Genital Warts, HIV

Herpes, Genital Warts, HIV

According to Piaget, what is the final stage of cognitive development?

Preoperational thought

| Formal operational thought

| Postformal thought

| Concrete operational thought

Formal operational thought

Postformal thought is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

Being influenced by emotion

| Reflective and contextual reasoning

| Absolutist logic

| Realistic thinking

Absolutist logic

Which personality trait is associated with creativity in the arts?

Conscientiousness

| Openness to experience

| Neuroticism

| Extraversion

Openness to experience

Which trait appears to predict creativity in the sciences?

Agreeableness

| Intellectual capacity

| Openness to experience

| Curiosity

Curiosity

What is the concept of "flow" as defined by Csikszentmihalyi?

A passive mental state during meditation

| A state of unconscious decision-making

| Emotional reactivity to stress

| A state of focused pleasure in meeting challenges

A state of focused pleasure in meeting challenges

One strategy to cultivate curiosity includes:

Avoiding unexpected challenges

| Following interests when something sparks them

| Focusing on structured tasks only

| Limiting time spent in creative settings

Following interests when something sparks them

What is self-efficacy?

A fixed trait determining success

| Belief that one can master situations and produce favorable outcomes

| The drive for external reward

| The ability to delegate tasks to others

Belief that one can master situations and produce favorable outcomes

Which best defines “mindset” in the context of achievement? .

Physical health needed for success

| The cognitive view individuals develop for themselves

| The motivation to delay gratification

| One's genetic disposition

The cognitive view individuals develop for themselves

What does it mean to have a growth mindset?

Believing improvement comes from effort

| Focusing only on short-term goals

| Believing abilities are fixed from birth

| Believing that success is solely based on talent

Believing improvement comes from effort

A fixed mindset is the belief that:

Qualities are set and unchangeable

| Growth can occur through failure

| Learning is based on external reward

| People can improve with practice

Qualities are set and unchangeable

Delay of gratification involves:

Avoiding goal-setting

| Waiting for a more valuable reward rather than immediate pleasure

| Relying on others to make decisions

| Pursuing fun over long-term goals

Waiting for a more valuable reward rather than immediate pleasure

What is extrinsic motivation?

Doing something for its own sake

| Performing for personal satisfaction

| Doing something to gain something else

| Motivation from within

Doing something to gain something else

What defines intrinsic motivation?

Competing with others for rewards

| Pursuing activities for external approval

| Doing something because it is rewarding in itself

| Being paid to complete a task

Doing something because it is rewarding in itself

What is grit?

Intelligence and memory capacity

| Passion and perseverance for long-term goals

| A talent for creativity

| The ability to multitask

Passion and perseverance for long-term goals

What is the “career mystique”?

The myth that careers are unimportant to adult identity

| A belief that hard work and long hours will automatically lead to success and happiness | The illusion that only creative people are successful

| The idea that personality determines career outcomes

A belief that hard work and long hours will automatically lead to success and happiness