AP Lang Toolboox Semester 2

Abhor

(v) to detest utterly, despise (abhorrence—n).

Acquiesce

(v) to submit or comply silently or without protest.

Admonish

(v) to warn, caution, or reprimand firmly.

Ameliorate

(v) to make something better or more satisfactory; improve.

Behoove

(v) to be necessary, proper, or worthwhile to, as for personal profit or advantage.

Chastise

(v) to discipline or punish; scold severely.

Debunk

(v) to expose a claim or assertion as being pretentious, false, or exaggerated.

Demoralize

(v) to deprive a person or persons of spirit, courage, discipline, etc.; destroy the morale of.

Disseminate

(v) to scatter or spread widely; to disperse.

Edify

(v) to instruct or improve someone morally or intellectually.

Elucidate

(v) to make clear; provide clarification.

Emulate

(v) to match or surpass (a person or achievement), typically by imitation.

Entrench

(v) to establish firmly or solidly.

Eradicate

(v) to remove or destroy all traces of; do away with; annihilate.

Exacerbate

(v) to increase the severity, bitterness, or violence of something; to aggravate.

Expatiate

(v) to elaborate on a topic in detail.

Expedite

(v) to speed up the progress of; hasten.

Extol

(v) to praise highly or enthusiastically.

Facilitate

(v) to make easier or less difficult; to help forward an action, a process, etc.

Foster

(v) to promote the growth or development of; further; encourage.

Galvanize

(v) to shock or excite someone into taking sudden action.

Garner

(v) to obtain, acquire, or earn.

Impede

(v) to delay in movement or progress by means of obstacles or hindrances; obstruct; hinder.

Implore

(v) to beg someone earnestly or desperately to do something.

Impute

(v) to credit to a source or cause.

Inundate

(v) to flood or overwhelm.

Lampoon

(v) to publicly criticize someone or something by using ridicule or sarcasm.

Objectify

(v) to treat a person as a thing, with no regard to their dignity.

Permeate

(v) to move into or through every part.

Polarize

(v) to divide into sharply opposing factions, political groups.

Posits

(v) to assume as a fact; put forward as a basis of argument.

Relegate

(v) to move to a position of less authority/importance.

Scrutinize

(v) to examine carefully.

Segue

(v) to transition from one thing to another smoothly and without interruption.

Subdue

(v) to conquer and bring into subjection; to overpower by force.

Substantiate

(v) to establish or confirm by proof or competent evidence.

Vacillate

(v) to alternate or waver between different opinions or actions; to be indecisive.

Vindicate

(v) to clear from an accusation or suspicion; to justify or defend.

Arduous

(adj) requiring great physical or mental effort; difficult, strenuous.

Benevolent

(adj) characterized by/expressing goodwill or kindly feelings; charitable.

Clandestine

(adj) executed with secrecy or concealment, for purposes of deception.

Cognizant

(adj) to be aware; to have knowledge.

Conducive

(adj) tending to produce; helpful, favorable.

Counterintuitive

(adj) contrary to what intuition or common sense would indicate.

Erroneous

(adj) containing error; incorrect.

Daunting

(adj) seeming difficult to deal with or intimidating.

Dissident

(adj) disagreeing, as in belief or attitude.

Egregious

(adj) extraordinary in a negative or shocking manner.

Erudite

(adj) characterized by great knowledge; scholarly.

Feasible

(adj) capable of being accomplished.

Fervent

(adj) having or showing passion, zeal, or enthusiasm.

Futile

(adj) Incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.

Imperative

(adj) of vital importance; crucial.

Impetuous

(adj) acting or done quickly and without thought or care.

Intransigent

(adj) refusing to agree or compromise.

Irrefutable

(adj) something that cannot be disproved.

Obsolete

(adj) out of date.

Salient

(adj) significant or prominent.

Succinct

(adj) expressed in few words, to the point; concise.

Superfluous

(adj) being more than is sufficient or required; excessive.

Susceptible

(adj) likely or liable to be influenced or harmed by a particular thing or person.

Ubiquitous

(adj) present, appearing, or found everywhere.

Unequivocal

(adj) clear; having only one possible meaning or interpretation.

Viable

(adj) capable of becoming useful, practical, or workable.

Amalgamation

(n) the act of combining, uniting, or merging (amalgamate—v).

Aversion

(n) a strong dislike or disinclination toward something.

Catalyst

(n) something that brings about change (catalyze—v).

Conjecture

(n) the expression of an opinion or theory without sufficient evidence.

Consensus

(n) majority of opinion; general agreement.

Contention

(n) a struggling together in opposition, rivalry, competition, or contest.

Disparity

(n) lack of similarity or equality; difference.

Epitome

(n) a perfect representation of (epitomize--v).

Fruition

(n) the point at which a plan or project is realized.

Ideology

(n) the doctrine, myth, belief, etc. that guides an individual, social movement, institution, class, or large group.

Impasse

(n) a position or situation where no progress can be made.

Implication

(n) A conclusion that can be drawn from something, although it is not explicitly stated.

Paradigm

(n) an outstandingly clear or typical example.

Premise

(n) a proposition which supports or helps to support a claim or conclusion.

Propensity

(n) a natural inclination or tendency.

Ramifications

(n) consequences or implications.

Barrage

(n) the rapid and continuous delivery of spoken or written language.

Litany

(n) a tedious recital or repetitive series.

Plethora

(n) a large or excessive amount of something.

Copious

(adj) abundant in supply or quantity.

Myriad

(adj or n) a very great or indefinitely great number of persons or things.