MEDTERM UNIT 12 TEST

OSA is the abbreviation for:

obstructive sleep apnea

DOE is the abbreviation for:

dyspnea on exertion

URI is the abbreviation for:

upper respiratory infection

with which disorder do the alveolar walls lose their elasticity, become overinflated, and eventually rupture?

emphysema

alveol/o

air sac

epiglott/o

epiglottis

thorac/o

chest

pleu/o

pleura

laryng/o

larynx (voice box)

trache/o

trachea, windpipe

sputum ____ are used to detect the pathogen infecting the lungs or breathing passages

cultures

fine crackling sounds heard during inhalation, caused by excess bronchial tube secretions in the alveoli

rales

the central portion or area of the chest that separates the lungs

mediastinum

ventilatory support used to keep the airway open in case of obstructive sleep apnea if abbreviated

CPAP

what occurs during inspiration?

diaphragm contracts, chest cavity area increases, internal air pressure descreases

the laryngopharynx is a subdivision of the

pharynx

thyroid cartilage (adam’s apple) function

provide support for the larynx

Mrs. Farrell comes to the emergency department exhibiting the following symptoms: paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing, and coughing. Dyspnea means that Mrs. Farrell is experiencing….

difficult breathing/shortness of breath

a highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea characterized by paroxysmal spasms of coughing followed by a whooping inspiration is known as…

pertussis

Mrs. Farrell’s symptoms—paroxysmal dyspnea, wheezing, coughing—are indicators of bronchial edema and constriction and increased mucus production, otherwise known as…

asthma

wheezing from asthma indicates…

bronchial narrowing and inflammation

what is the abbreviation for the procedure that uses a thorascope equipped with a camera to magnify the area under observation and projects it onto a video monitor?

VATS

pulmonary embolism

a clot forms in a distant vein and travels to the lungs

bronchoscopy

visual examination of the bronchi

excessive fluid accumulation in the pleural space due to infection, malignancy, or trauma

plural effusion

incomplete expansion of a lung (collapsed lung)

atelectasis

the formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

pulmonary fibrosis

muscle separating the chest and abdomen

diaphragm

space between the folds of the pleura

pleural cavity

inner fold of pleura that lies closest to the lung tissue

visceral pleura

pharyngeal tonsils

adenoids

flap of tissue that closes over the larynx during swallowing to prevent material from entering the lungs

epiglottis

midline region where the bronchi, blood vessels, and nerves enter and exit the lungs

hilum

test used to measure the ventilation mechanics of the lungs

pulmonary function test

surgical puncture to aspirate fluid from the pleural cavity

thoracentesis

creation of an opening into the trachea and insertion of a tube to create an airway

tracheostomy

examination of the pleural space, pleura, and lungs with a scope inserted through a small incision between the ribs

thoracoscopy

x-ray imaging of arteries and veins in the lung after injection of dye into a blood vessel

pulmonary angiography

mediastinoscopy

visual examination of the central portion of the chest cavity

a group of occupational-related lung diseases characterized by inflammation, infection, and bronchitis, caused by inhaling substances in the workplace

pneumoconiosis