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Define the Chicago convention
52 states signed an agreement (Dec. 1994)
- International air services TRANSIT agreement
- International air TRANSPORT agreement
Define the 5 freedoms/Privileges
1. Overfly a country without landing
2. Land for non-commercial reasons (leisure flying, not money making)
3. Put down passengers, mail and cargo in another country
4. Take back with you/return passengers, mail and cargo
5. Combine rules 3 and 4 in other countries that isn't yours
The 4 other rules that extend on the first 5
1. The "unofficial" freedom to carry traffic between two foreign countries via the carrier's home country by combining third and fourth freedoms.
2. The freedom to base aircraft in a foreign country for use on international services, establishing a de facto foreign hub.
3. The freedom to carry traffic between two domestic points in a foreign country on a flight that either originated in or is destined for the carrier's home country. Also referred to as "cabotage" privileges.
4. The freedom to carry traffic between two domestic points in a foreign country. Also referred to as "full cabotage" or "open-skies" privileges.
The 9 privileges diagram

Define Cabotage
Cabotage is when you can operate an airline in a foreign country. It has nothing to do with your country. 'FULL' means you are the only operator who is doing this having a monopoly. This never happens.
A state has the right to refuse permission to this happening from a foreign state
Define ICAO
International Civil Aviation Organization
- formed 4th April 1947
- hq in Montreal, Canada
- 193 members (2020)
what are 5 other aviation regulation organisations?
- IATA - International Air Transport Association
- UK CAA - UK civil aviation authority
- Eurocontrol
- EASA - European Aviation Safety Agency
- ECAC - European Civil Aviation Conference
What are the 3 main bodies of the ICAO?
- assembly - (members)
- council
- Secretariat (a governmental office)
name 3 aims of ICAO
- Promote flight safety
- Aircraft design for peaceful purposes.
- Develop Airways, Airports, Navigation Facilities
- Avoid discrimination between states
learn this icao structure diagram
(the 'committees' are the secretariat part of the structure)

ICAO air navigation commission table

What does SARP stand for?
Standard and Recommended Practices
- a rule agreed as necessary
What do SARPS cover?
All technical and operational aspects of civil aviation eg. Safety; personnel licensing; operation of aircraft; aerodromes;
Difference between standard and recommended practices
- Standard is a rule that can't be argued
- Recommended, standards do not need to be lodged with ICAO
What are the 2 SARPS standards needed for complex equipment
- Core SARPs - consist of material of a fundamental regulatory nature contained within the main body of the Annexes.
- Differences and appendices to the SARPS
How many annexes are there in ICAO
19
Where are differences filed in the annexes?
In 'the supplements to annexe'
What does an annexe contain (3)
Definitions
Standards
Recommended Practices
Which annex is concerned with ATS?
Annex 11
what is the process for a new idea of proposal for the ICAO annexes?
The proposals then go to the ANC(air navigation council) and ultimately are recommended to the Council, where they are approved or rejected.
If you can't find what you need in CAP493 where do you go next?
ICAO