Psychology- The Brain

Frontal lobe, locate and describe function

Controls voluntary body movements, higher order mental processes, personality and emotions

Frontal lobe: Primary motor cortex

Controls voluntary movements

Frontal lobe: Broca’s area

Production of speech and coordinates muscles

Parietal lobe

Body sensations, spatial awareness

Parietal lobe: Primary somatosesnsory cortex

Receives sensory information from body parts

Occipital lobe

Receives and processes visual information

Occipital lobe: Primary visual cortex

Sensory receptors located on the retina of the eyes, receive visual info from visual field and processes

Temporal lobe

Receives and processes auditory information and memory formation

Temporal lobe: Primary auditory cortex

Receives and processes from both ears to identify types of sounds

Temporal lobe: Wernicke’s area

Involved in production of coherent speech and crucial role in comprehension of speech

LTM: Explicit memory

Easy to state

LTM: Explicit Semantic

facts you know

LTM: Explicit Episodic

Life events

LTM: Implicit

Hard to state and generally need to do or show

LTM: Implicit Procedural

Knowing how to do motor movements

LTM: Implicit Classically Conditioned memory

Emotions and reflexes

Hippocampus

Consolidates and retrieves explicit memories

Amygdala

Regulates emotions

Cerebellum

Stores temporary storage of implicit procedural memories

Basal Ganglia

Responsible for habits

Neurons

nerve cell that receives and transmits info

Direction of transmission

left to right

Synapse

The gap including the axon terminals (pre) and the dendrites (post)

Synaptic gap

space between the presynaptic neuron and the postsynaptic neuron

Neurochemicals

Produced by neurons in nervous system, excitatory or inhibitory

Synaptic transmission step 1

neurochemical released from axon terminal of presynaptic neuron into synaptic gap

Synaptic transmission step 2

It binds to receptors of corresponding shape, on the dendrites of the postsynaptic neuron

Synaptic transmission step 3

Then unlocks a response in the post synaptic neuron (either making it fire an action potential or not fire an action potential

Neuroplasticity

Ability of brain to change in response to experience or environmental stimulation

Developmental plasticity

Learning associated with maturation

Adaptive plasticity

To adapt after a traumatic brain injury and restore adequate functioning

Synaptogenesis

formation of synapses between neurons as they grow

Synaptic pruning

elimination of underused synapses

Myelination

Formation of myelin around axon of neuron

Sprouting

Ability of neurons to develop new branches on dendrites or axons

Rerouting/Rewiring

Form new connections with another undamaged neuron