med term final exam

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

ALS

cervical nerves

c1-c8

central nervous system

CNS

cerebrospinal fluid

CSF

computerized tomography scan

CT scan

cerebrovascular accident

CVA

electroencephalogram

EEG

lumbar nerves

L1-L5

lumbar puncture

LP

multiple sclerosis

MS

sarcal nerves

S1-S5

thoracic nerves

T1-T12

Transient ischemic attack

TIA

ventrical atrial shunt

VA shunt

ventricular- peritoneal shunt

VP shunt

brain

encephal/o

spinal cord

myel/o

dendrites

dendr/o

gila/neuroglia

gil/o

astrocytes

astr/o

cerebrum

cerebr/o

cerebellum

cerebell/o

spinal cord

cord/o, myel/o

nerve roots

radicul/o, rhiz/o

dura mater

dur/o

meninges

mening/o, meningi/o

disorder in the manner of walking

gait, abnormal

nerve pain

neuralgia

paresthesia

feeling of pricking, burning or numbness

fainting

syncope

dizzines

vertigo

inability to perform mathematical calculations

acalculia

inability to recognize objexts visually, auditory or with other senses

agnosia

inability to write

agraphia

lack of sense of smell

anosmia

inabilty to perform purposeful movements or to use pbjects appropriately

apraxia

inability or difficulty with reading and or writing

dyslexia

cerebral contusion

head injury of sufficient force to bruise the brain

localized collection of blood, usually clotted in an organ, tissue, or space due to break in the wall of a blood vessel

hematoma

displacement of an intervertebral disk so that it presses on a nerve causing pain or numbness

herniated intervertebral disk

paralysis of facial nerves

bell palsy

sudden attacks of sleep

narcolepsy

infection or inflammation of the membranes covering the brain or spinal cord

meningitis

inflammation of the nerves

neuritis

inflammation of several/many peripheral nerves

polyneuritis

inflammation of the root of a spinal nerve

radiculitis

inflammation of the sciatic nerve, causing pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg

sciatica

acute infection caused by the latent/dormant varicellea zoster virus

shingles

plegia

paralysis, loss of muscle function

paralysis of the same body part on both sides of body

diplegia

paralysis on the left or right side

hemiplegia

paralysis of one limb

monoplegia

paralysis of the lower limbs of the trunk

paraplegia

paralysis of arms, legs, and trunk

quadriplegia

xray of the cerebral arteries including the internal carotids after injection of a contrast medium

cerebral angiography

ultrasound exam of the brain

echoencephalography

xray of the spinal canal after the introduction of a radiopague substance

myelography

test that consist of a series of a short daytime naps in the sleep lab to measure daytime sleepiness and how fast a patient falls asleep

multiple sleep latency test

measurnent and recors of a number of functions while the patient is asleep

polysomongraphy

dorsiflexion of the great toe when plantar surface is stimulated

babinski reflex

exammination of fluid from the CNS ro detect pathogens and abnormalties

cerebrospinal fluid analysis

procedure to aspirate CSF from the lumbar subarachnoid space for diagnostic purposes

lumbar puncture

removal of a part of the skull

craniectomy

incison into the skull

craniotomy

surgery using radiowaves to localize structures within 3D space

stereotaxic radiosurgery

procedure to drain fluid from brain ventricles through a shunt or catheter and valve that leads to the abdominal cavity

ventriculoperitoneostomy

cutting of a branch of the vagus nerve to reduce the secretion of gastric acid

vagotomy

incision of the spinal cord to relive pain

cordotomy

resection of the dorsal root of a spinal nerve to relieve pain

rhizotomy

surgical interruption of part of the sympathethetic pathways for the relief of chronic pain or to promote vasodilation

sympathectomy

method of pain control by application of electrical impulses to the skin

transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation