AP TEST (unit 7)

pan slavism

racism against slavs of eastern europe, effort to unite slavs fails

anti-semitism

racism against jews, leads into ww2

dreyfus affair 1894

acusation against jewish officer divides france over case, half support half dont due to anti-semitism

russian nationalsim

russiafication of poland

crimean war

ottomans vs russia, russia lost, shows need to industrialize

guiseppe mazzini

force pope to flee and take over papal states from french (rome region)

mazzini fails

lack of support from class divisons, no traction

austro-sardinian war 1859

french help italy take north from austria

emmanuel 2

most of italy unites under him by 1861

bisbarck

main priority is german unification, used nationalism to his advantage

danish war 1864

prussia allied with austria to defeat denmark, drove danes north to connect prussia to germany

austro-prussian war 1886

austria defeated, hapsburgs excludded from german affairs, prussia dominant power

north german confederation

establish a constitutional monaerchy led by prussia

franco-prussian war

victory over austria caused tension, prussia defeats france, captures napoleon 3 (french donrt want him back)

bismarcks alliances

attempting to maintain peace and balance of power while germany strengthens

realpolotik

prioritized state interest over moral integrity

balkan uprisings

pan-slavism leads to russian interference (both slavs), which creates russo-turkish war, russia wins

queen victoria

great expansion of empire, little influence over lawmaking decsions

economic causes of imperalism

need for resources, create new markets

polticial causes for imperalism

desire for international power/global empire, nationalism

social causes of imperalism

spread christianity (missionaries), social darwinism

direct rule

strong military presence

indirect/ proletorate

rule through local administrators

sphere of influence

special, commercial, legal privileges without direct political involvement

belgian congo

belgium made congo own personal colony, cut of hands as threats, sets of scramble for africa

berlin conference

led by bismack to divide continent for colonization to avoid conflicts that threaten unfication and stability

opium wars

GB got china hooked on opium to get tea trade going, led to disputes

treaty of nanking

forced china to open ports to trade with GB, humiliated

open door policy US

us trying to trade with china and avoid conflict

boxer rebellion

anti-foreign, anti-christian violent group