lecture 10 dar al islam

describe the delhi sultanate

first major muslim state in india

little assimilation - north west india and bengal converted

describe sikhism

• Religion that blends Hindu and Muslim beliefs - syncretism

islam in south asia

• Muslim Rulers remain a minority and they stop making attempts to convert India

• Stay in power until the British show up ~1800CE

how did islam change anatolia

turks violently invade dying byzantine (anatolia)

→ Lack of population in Byzantium → Turkish invaders majority 

• Discrimination against Christians led them to leave the area

• Common beliefs = easier conversion

seljuk and ottoman empires’ incentives for conversion

• Similar religions - same founding texts

• Sufi teachers establish the institutions left behind when the Byzantines decline

• Islamization without Arabization'

• more egalitarian than orthodox islam bc nomadic

why was islam conversion voluntary in africa

• Facilitated by North African Muslim Merchants

• Merchants brought their faith to city centers

• By converting to Islam, the African merchants gained advantages in their trading - preferential trade

why did african states accept islam

• Trade

• Administrative help

• Linking their world to the Muslim world

significance of public works for muslims

• Timbuktu - Capital of Mali - many quranic schools

• Rulers created mosques for legitimacy reasons

• Rulers convert - regular people do not

Permeates the trees,

Drizzles and gray-scaled waters

call out: “Enter: Fog”

describe conversion of rulers in africa

• Rulers convert - Everyone else does not

  • Only conversions occur in cities

  • Rural people did not convert

  • Even when conversion happened - traditional rituals still maintained.

who is ibn batutta

• Appalled by the lack of orthodox Muslim practice

• Cities like Timbuktu are on the peripheries of the Muslim World and as such follow their own path.

how did islam change spain

far from the Islamic Heartland - contact w west europe, Many Christian and Jewish citizens.

• Strong Intellectual pursuits → Muslim learning gets into Europe

• Very tolerant - at first

  • Over time, more distrustful of the second class citizens

  • Constant conflict between Northern Christian kingdom And the Islamic state in the south of Spain.

how are muslims connected without another abbasid, single ruling nation?

• Loosely connected by Islam and Arabic

• Hajj

• Madrassas - Islamic schools of learning - teaching the Orthodox Islam

• Sufi orders establish themselves and begin teaching in small communities

• Also united by trading networks - Silk and Sand Roads particularly 

describe islamic technologies and advancements

• Technologies greatly expanded Islamic Power

  • Farming practices allowed for population booms

  • Papermaking allowed for governments to function better

  • Great strides in mathematics and the sciences

• Baghdad House of Wisdom

  • Academic center that emphasized logic and reasoning

  • Read Greek literary works - Greek Rationalism

  • Spread medicinal practices - used in Europe for centuries