Genetic Part 5

Where does transcirption occur

in nucleus

Where does translation occur

in cytoplasm

What happens to the RNA strand that is created from transcription

It is read and creates a polypeptide chian

The instructctions for reading the RNA strand are in…

groups of three called codons

Total codons

64

How many codons are for amino acids

61

how many stop codons

3

What is Met

one of the most popular start codons

What is tRNAs role in translation

connects mRNA codons into the amino acids they encode, one end has an anticodon to bind to specefic codons

Wobble Hypothesis

some tRNA can bind to mutiple codons, the first 2 base paris are precise but the third has a “wobble”

Wobble pairing allows…

the same tRNA recognize multiple codons for the amino acid it carries

what do the The rules of wobble pairing ensure?

ensure that a tRNA does not bind to a wrong codon

Role of Ribosomes in translation

where polypeptides are built and they are made of rRNA and three slots for tRNA

what subunits of ribosomes are

small and large

three site for tRNA binding to ribosome

aminoacyl site, peptidyl site, exit site

Stage 1: Initiation

Initiart tRNA bind to small riobosomal subunite and it starts at the 5 prime end and goes to the 3 prime end to find a start codon, once it does a large ribosomal subunit joins to make a initation complex

Stage 2: elngation

Initiator tRNA moves to P site and the next tRNA goes to a site, ribosome moves down and the initiator tRNA leaves at E site

Stage 2: elngation: peptide bond forms…

bewteen the amino acids produce by tRNA

Stage 3: Termination

Occurs when a stop codon enters the A site, which is recognized by release factors and release polypeptide chain

the 3 stop codons

UAA, UAG, UGA