Science Test

What are the four units of organization of the body from smallest to largest?

Cell, Tissue, Organ, Organ System

What is the role of connecting tissues?

Connecting tissues support, bind, or connect other tissues and organs.

What allows for rotational movement in all directions? Where are they located?

Ball-and-socket joint; found in the shoulder and hip.

What type of tissue holds bones together?

Ligaments.

What are the jobs of our bones?

Support the body, protect internal organs, store minerals, and produce blood cells.

What are the three types of muscles?

Skeletal (attached to bones), smooth (found in internal organs), cardiac (found in the heart).

What happens when muscles contract?

They shorten and generate force, leading to movement.

What is found in the top layer of our skin?

Dead skin cells, sweat glands, hair follicles, and melanocytes.

How does sweat reach the outside of our skin?

Sweat travels through sweat ducts to the surface.

What are bones?

Rigid structures that make up the skeleton, providing support and protection.

What is the definition of a tissue?

A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function.

What bones make up the back and why are they different?

Vertebrae; they protect the spinal cord and form the vertebral column.

What can you do to keep your bones and muscles healthy?

Exercise regularly, eat a balanced diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, avoid smoking.

What are smooth muscles and where are they located? Are they voluntary or involuntary?

Non-striated muscles found in internal organs; they are involuntary.

What are the risks of too much sun exposure?

Skin damage, sunburn, premature aging, increased risk of skin cancer.

How does your skin protect you from environmental stresses?

Acts as a barrier against harmful substances, regulates temperature, protects against UV radiation.

What muscles contract to move the arm?

Biceps and triceps.

What are some organs in the body?

Heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, stomach, brain.

What is a body tissue?

A group of cells with similar structure and function working together.

Explain the relationship among cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems.

Cells form tissues, tissues combine to form organs, and organs work together in organ systems.

List the four kinds of movable joints and their movements.

Hinge joints (e.g., elbow) allow forward/backward motion; Ball-and-socket joints (e.g., shoulder) allow circular motion; Pivot joints (e.g., neck) allow rotation; Gliding joints (e.g., wrist) allow sliding.

How does a balanced diet and exercise benefit bones?

Provides essential nutrients for strength and maintains bone density.

How do smooth and skeletal muscles differ in appearance?

Smooth muscle is non-striated, while skeletal muscle is striated.

How do muscles work in pairs?

One muscle contracts while the opposite muscle relaxes.

How does the skin protect your body?

Acts as a barrier and regulates temperature; produces vitamin D.

Why is homeostasis important to survival?

Maintains stable internal conditions necessary for proper body function.

What problems could arise if smooth muscle had to be continuously controlled?

Fatigue and discomfort impacting normal organ function.

Why is heatstroke a life-threatening emergency?

It prevents the body from cooling itself, risking dangerously high body temperatures.