Chapter 11: Attraction and Intimacy

Need to Belong

a motivation to bond with others in relationships that provide ongoing, positive interactions.

Proximity

geographical nearness; functional distance.

Mere Exposure Effect

the tendency for novel stimuli to be liked more or rated more positively after the rater has been repeatedly exposed to them.

Matching Phenomenon

the tendency for men and women to choose as partners those who are a “good match” in attractiveness and other traits.

Physical Attractiveness Stereotype

the presumption that physically attractive people possess other socially desirable traits as well.

Complimentarity

the popularly supposed tendency,
in a relationship between two people, for each to complete what is missing in the other.

Ingratiation

attempts to influence another person by becoming more likeable to their target

Reward Theory of Attraction

the theory that we like those whose behavior is rewarding to us or whom we associate with rewarding events.

Passionate Love

a state of intense longing for union with another; being “in love.”

Two Factor Theory of Emotion

arousal × its label = emotion

•Being aroused by any source should intensify passionate feelings—provided freedom to attribute some of the arousal to a romantic stimulus.

Companionate Love

the affection we feel for those with whom our lives are deeply intertwined .

Secure Attachment

rooted in trust and marked by intimacy.

Avoidant Attachment

marked by discomfort over, or resistant to, being close to others; an insecure attachment style.

Anxious Attachment

marked by anxiety or ambivalence; an insecure attachment style.

Equity

a condition in which the outcomes people receive from a relationship are proportional to what they contribute to it.

Self-Disclosure

revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others

Disclosure Reciprocity

the tendency for one person’s intimacy or self-disclosure to match that of a conversational partner.