Poetry
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65 Terms
Alliteration
The repetition of initial consonant sounds, primarily used in poetry.
Assonance
The repetition of vowel sounds followed by different consonants in two or more stressed syllables.
Ballad
A song or poem that tells a story, often tragic.
Blank verse
Poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter lines.
Cacophony
A harsh, unpleasant combination of sounds in a line or passage in a literary work.
Cadence
The natural, rhythmic rise and fall of a language as it is normally spoken.
Caesura
A pause or break in a line of verse.
Catalog
A list of things, people, or events.
Conceit
A brief metaphor; striking a parallel between dissimilar things.
Concrete poem
A poem in which the words are arranged on a page to suggest a visual representation of the subject.
Connective tissue
Elements that help create coherence in a written piece.
Consonance
The repetition in two or more words of final consonants in stressed syllables.
Couplet
A pair of rhyming lines, usually of the same length and meter, which expresses a general idea.
Dirge
A wailing song, sung at a funeral or in commemoration of death.
Dissonance
Harsh and inharmonious sounds; a marked breaking of the music of poetry.
Dramatic monologue
A poem spoken by one person addressing one or more listeners.
Elegy
A sustained and formal poem setting forth meditations on death or another solemn theme.
End-stopped lines
Lines in which both the grammatical structure and the sense reach completion at the end.
Enjambment
The continuation of the sense and grammatical construction of a line onto the next verse.
Epic
A long narrative poem about the deeds of gods or heroes.
Euphony
Pleasing sounds; the pleasant presentation of sounds in a literary work.
Foot
The unit of rhythm in verse.
Free verse
Poetry not written in a regular meter.
Image
A word or phrase that appeals to one or more of the five senses.
Limerick
Light verse consisting of five lines in which specific lines rhyme.
Lyric
A highly musical verse that expresses the observations and feelings of a single speaker.
Measure
frequently a synonym for meter
Meter
The rhythmical pattern of a poem determined by the number and types of stresses in each line.
Feet
groups of stressed and unstressed lines; 8 types
Iamb
One unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable.
Trochee
One stressed followed by an unstressed.
Anapest
Two unstressed followed by one stressed.
Dactyl
One stressed followed by two unstressed.
Spondee
Two strong stresses.
Pyrrhic
A foot with two unstressed syllables.
Amphibrach
An unstressed syllable followed by a stressed, followed by another unstressed.
Amphimacer
stressed, unstressed, stressed
Ode
A single, unified strain of exalted lyrical verse, directed to a single purpose, dealing with one theme.
Quatrain
A stanza or poem made up of four lines.
Refrain
A repeated line or group of lines in a poem or song.
Repitition
the use, more than once, of any element of language
Rhyme
The repetition of sounds at the ends of words.
End rhyme
Occurs when the rhyming words come at the ends of lines.
Internal rhyme
Occurs when the rhyming words appear within the same line.
Approximate rhyme
Words that have some correspondence in sound but not an exact one.
Rhythm
The alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in language.
Scansion
A system for describing conventional rhythms by dividing lines into feet and counting syllables.
Sestet
The second, six-line division of an Italian sonnet.
Sonnet
A 14-line lyric poem, usually written in rhymed iambic pentameter.
English (Shakespearean) sonnet
Consists of 3 quatrains and a couplet, usually rhyming abab cdcd efef gg.
Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet
Consists of an octave and a sestet, usually rhyming abbaabba cdecde.
Speaker
The voice of a poem.
Stanza
A group of lines in a poem, considered as a unit.
Stress
The emphasis given a spoken syllable.
Villanelle
A nineteen-line poem consisting of five tercets with the rhyme scheme aba and a final quatrain of abaa.
Volta
The turn in thought that occurs at the beginning of the sestet in an Italian sonnet.
Octave
8-line stanza
Monometer
one-foot lines
Dimeter
two-foot lines
Trimeter
three-foot lines
Tetrameter
four-foot lines
Pentameter
five-foot lines
Hexameter
six-foot lines
Heptameter
seven-foot lines
Octameter
eight-foot lines
