AP Psych Unit 1

What is the study of research methods by biopsychologists?

Biopsychologists examine research methods to understand the interactions between biology and psychology.

What does the Evolutionary Perspective focus on?

The Evolutionary Perspective focuses on how evolutionary principles such as natural selection influence human thought and behavior.

What is Natural Selection?

Natural Selection is the process through which traits that enhance survival and reproduction become more common in successive generations.

Define Eugenics.

Eugenics is the study of or belief in the possibility of improving the human race by selective breeding or other forms of genetic manipulation.

What are Twin Studies used for?

Twin Studies are used to understand the relative contributions of genetics and environment to behaviors and traits.

What are the two main divisions of the Nervous System?

The two main divisions of the Nervous System are the Central Nervous System (CNS) and the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS).

What is the role of the Autonomic Nervous System?

The Autonomic Nervous System controls involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate, digestion, and respiratory rate.

What is the function of Sensory Neurons?

Sensory Neurons transmit sensory information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system.

Explain the All-or-Nothing Principle in neurons.

The All-or-Nothing Principle states that a neuron either fires completely or does not fire at all.

What occurs during the Refractory Period of a neuron?

During the Refractory Period, a neuron cannot fire again immediately after an action potential occurs.

What is the effect of Depolarization in a neuron?

Depolarization is the process that makes the inside of the neuron more positively charged, leading to the firing of action potentials.

What is the difference between Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurotransmitters?

Excitatory neurotransmitters promote the firing of a neuron, while inhibitory neurotransmitters prevent the firing of a neuron.

What is Multiple Sclerosis?

Multiple Sclerosis is a neurological condition where the immune system attacks the protective covering of nerves, affecting communication between the brain and the body.

What does the Hypothalamus regulate?

The Hypothalamus regulates bodily functions such as temperature, hunger, and the sleep-wake cycle.

What is the primary function of the Cerebellum?

The Cerebellum is responsible for coordinating voluntary movements and balance.

Define Circadian Rhythm.

Circadian Rhythm is a natural internal process that regulates the sleep-wake cycle, roughly following a 24-hour cycle.

What are REM Sleep and its significance?

REM Sleep, or Rapid Eye Movement sleep, is a sleep stage where dreaming occurs and is essential for cognitive functions like memory and learning.

What is Sensory Adaptation?

Sensory Adaptation is the reduced sensitivity to constant stimuli over time.

Explain Weber’s Law.

Weber’s Law states that the just noticeable difference between stimuli is a constant proportion of the original stimulus.

What is the function of Taste Receptors?

Taste Receptors are responsible for detecting different taste modalities: sweet, sour, salty, bitter, and umami.