99_Halfway quiz

Actions that do not go as planned (like putting coffee in the tea pot) is an example of the human factor term

Slip

What is causing the reduced visibility in the following METAR?

 

EHGG 181950Z 02005KT 2800 MIFG BKN012 M00/M00 Q0997

Micro fog

Drifting fog

Shallow fog

Mist and fog

Shallow fog

Which statement best describes how temperature changes during an adiabatic process in the atmosphere?

During adiabatic cooling, unsaturated air cools at approximately 3 °C per 1000 feet as it rises

Moist air cools at the same rate as dry air during adiabatic expansion

In an adiabatic process, temperature increases with altitude as air expands

Adiabatic processes involve the transfer of heat between air and its surroundings

During adiabatic cooling, unsaturated air cools at approximately 3 °C per 1000 feet as it rises

Advection fog occurs

At night and early morning

​Where can the ozone layer be found?

In the Tropopause

What causes the formation of rime ice?

Small super-cooled water droplet freeze without braking up

What can lenticular clouds be an indication of?​

Mountain Waves

In 1983 Jens Rasmussen introduced the idea of 3 different modes of cognitive functioning. Order these performance levels starting with the lowest cognitive level (the level which requires the least active thougts and thinking).

Skill based, Rules Based, Knowledge based

Which source outlines the procedures for Air Navigation Services – Air Traffic Management, and what specific aspects related to flight plans does it cover?

ICAO Doc 4444, which covers various aspects related to air traffic management, including the necessary functions for flight plans

The RPM indicator (Tachometer):

Is used to measure the engine speed.

How can the pilot increase the amount of lift a wing is creating during flight?​

Increase the airspeed.

Which of the following gases are considered trace gases in Earth's atmosphere? (5):

• Methane

• Krypton

• Carbon dioxide

• Neon

• Helium

True or false: Differences between people are always problematic and always lead to conflict. 

False

​​Forming a team within the operational environment, team members include:

all ATS personnel, maintenance technicians, rescue personnel and flight crew.

Getting applicable training, keeping your knowledge current, using current manuals, asking questions, and asking someone who knows, are all behaviours of safety nets to reduce which error?

Knowledge based mistake

You leave your house and find yourself walking to the office instead of where you meant to go. This can be classified as a:

Slip

True or False: According to ICAO, safety is defined as the state in which risks associated with aviation activities are eliminated completely

False

What is the foundation of a safe operation in the high-stakes environment of ATC?

Personal responsibility

Analysis of accidents involving human factor issues in aviation shows that: ​

There is rarely a single cause responsible.

In ATC operations, when procedures cannot fully cover a situation and time pressure is high, what ultimately forms the foundation of safe operation?

Personal responsibility

What is a simple definition of human error as described in the context of ATM?

A deviation from an intended plan or action that fails to generate the intended outcomes

Human factor terms 'slips' and 'lapses' are examples of

Human error

A movement of cool, moist air over a warm surface is likely to cause? ​​

Convective clouds

​What causes the formation of rime ice?

Small super-cooled water droplet freeze without braking up

Which type of cloud is most likey to produce a rapid build up of ice?

CB

​With what type of cloud is DZ precipitation most commonly associated?

ST

Mountain waves, valley winds, thunderstorms and squall lines are examples of phenomena that occur at which meteorological scale?

Mesoscale

What do you call a large-scale wind system that circulates around a central region of high atmospheric pressure?

Anticyclone

How does the height of the tropopause vary with latitude (in the northern hemisphere)?​

The height normally decreases from south to north

Under which of the following conditions is icing most likely to occur?

In a cloud when temperature is between 0 and -15 degress

What is the definition of "cloud ceiling"?

The height above ground or water of the base of the lowest cloud layer covering more than half the sky, below 20,000 feet.

What is a layer of stratus clouds an indication of?​

Stable Air

How are wind patterns in the northern hemisphere around a low pressure?

Counter-clockwise along the isobars

A movement of warm, moist air over a cold surface is likely to cause? ​​​

Layered clouds

​What is the official MET term for the boundary between two air masses?

Front

The wider the aircraft the more wake turbulence it creates. T/F

False

​An aircraft with a MTOW of 134,000 kg belongs to which category?

Medium

What is the main process of a jet engine?

Intake, compression, combustion, and exhaust

What is the basis for determining the wake turbulence category of an aircraft?

MTOW

​What happens to induced drag as airspeed increases?​

Decreases

What is the primary function of the GPWS in aircraft?

To prevent Controlled Flight Into Terrain (CFIT) accidents by issuing warnings when the aircraft is descending too rapidly towards the terrain

​What is the operating principle of the turboprop engine?​

A gas turbine is driving a propeller that produces thrust

Which factor would reduce an aircraft’s take-off distance?

Headwind

​Rotation around the lateral axis is called:

Pitching

​If the angle of attack is constant, what effect does a decrease in airspeed have on an aircraft’s performance?

Decrease lift and drag

What is the typical range of climb rates for commercial aircraft?

1000-3000 fpm

​What effect will turning have on climb performance?​

Both angle and rate of climb will decrease

The Co-ordinated Universal Time (UTC) used in aviation is:

Based on International Atomic Time (TAI)

What is the relationship between NSAs and EASA in carrying out safety oversight responsibilities?

NSAs work in coordination with EASA to ensure a harmonised approach

​Aircraft shall be flown over the congested areas of cities, towns or settlements: ​

​Always at a minimum at such a height as will permit, in the event if an emergency arising, a landing to be made without undue hazard to persons or property on the surface

​In item 15 of the flight plan the speed of the flight shall be specified. If you file  N0485  what does that mean?​

485 knots​

​What ANS service fits the following description? A service providing variously, flight information service, air traffic advisory service and air traffic control service. 

ATS

What is a key area where safety regulations impact ATCOs, according to Regulation (EU) 2017/373? (2)

• Incident reporting

• Fatigue managment

Which of the following elements are included in the definition of an Air Traffic Service (ATS) route? (5)

Distance between significant points
Reporting requirements
Track to or from significant points
ATS route designator
Lowest safest altitude

What is the difference between reactive and proactive safety approaches?

Reactive examines previous outcomes, while proactive analyses current scenarios

 A standard holding pattern is a right-hand hold with a leg time of 1 minute at or below 14,000 FT (or corresponding FL) and 1.5 minutes above 14,000 FT (or corresponding FL).  ​ T/F

True

Within SMS framework training and education are tools used for:

Safety promotion

Contains procedures and means to demonstrate that ATCOs have the necessary knowledge and skills to perform their duties

Unit Competence Scheme

In what range can the upper limits of a TMA be?

10,000 to 25,000 feet AMSL

​The airspace surrounding the immediate vicinity of an uncontrolled aerodrome is called:

FIZ

What is the role of national regulations in safety assessment methodology?

To set safety objectives and requirements for organisations

​The cruising speed entered in item 15 of a flight plan is: ​

TAS or Mach Number

​Except when necessary for take-off or landing, an IFR flight shall be flown at a level in mountainous area

Which is at least 2000 ft above the highest obstacle located within 8 km of the estimated position of the aircraft when flying in mountainous areas​

​In item 13 departure aerodrome you must file the correct ICAO location indicator of the departure aerodrome. If the departure aerodrome does not have a ICAO location indicator you can replace the location indicator with a code. What code is that?​

ZZZZ

​The abbreviation for a flight plan to be submitted during flight is: ​

AFIL

​Which of the following factors can affect the holding pattern? (4)

• AC navigation capabilities

• Turbulence

• AC performance

• Wind direction

​What ANS service fits the following description? A service providing equipment and service within communication, navigation and surveillance.  

CNS

​An airspace of defined dimensions, above the land areas or territorial waters of State, within which the flight of aircraft is not allowed is called

prohibited area

ATM is divided into three services, ATFCM, ATS and XXX?

ASM

What are the legal implications of EU regulations on national aviation laws?

EU regulations supersede national aviation laws and require compliance from member states.

​How long time before the VFR flight, at the minimum must you file a flight plan (FPL)?​

This is regulated nationally, normally 30-60 min​.

Which of the following agencies is responsible for certifying and overseeing Air Navigation Service Providers (ANSPs)?

National Supervisory Authority (NSA)

A movement of cool, moist air over a warm surface is likely to cause? ​​

Convective clouds

Which statement accurately describes a characteristic of atmospheric wind?

Wind flows from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure

Where is the Jetstream core commonly formed?​

In the warm air mass of a frontal system

​Which of the following weather hazards are commonly associated with Thunderstorm clouds. (select all answers you think apply).

• land and sea breeze

• hail

• lightning

• Föhn wind

• wind shear

• microburst

• jet stream

• light rain

• severe icing

• severe turbulence

• hail

• lightning

• wind shear

• microburst

• severe icing

• severe turbulence

Positions for organizing aircraft at the airport, often near terminals or remote stands

AC parking position

A defined area for loading, unloading, parking, or maintenance of aircraft

Apron

A single dashed yellow line where taxiways intersect, indicating where aircraft must stop and wait for clearance

TWY hold marking

A position marked with two solid and two dashed yellow lines where aircraft must stop until cleared by ATC

RWY holding marking

Pressure in the atmosphere changes by a Rule of thumb stating 1 hPa is equal to?

30 feet