NURS 242: abnormalities of anus and perianal region

what is a pilonidal cyst?

an ingrown hair that forms a cyst near the rectum

what is a advanced pilonidal cyst?

palpable sinus tract

what is anal carcinoma associated with?

hpv infection

what are the symptoms of anal carcinoma?

asymptomatic. or may report bleeding from anus or rectum. pain or pressure in perianal area. lump near anus. itching or discharge

what does a anal carcinoma look like?

raised erythematous mucosa. white scaling

what are perianal abscesses?

infection of soft tissues surrounding anal canal. tender, swollen mass in superficial sq tissue

what are perirectal abscesses?

infection of mucus secreting anal glands. tender mass that may be indurated or draining

what is a anorectal fissure?

painful tear in anal mucosa. frequently accompanied by a papule of hyperplastic skin on anus

what are anorectal fissures caused by?

traumatic passage of large, hard stools

what are external hemorrhoids?

varicose veins that originate below anorectal line

what are internal hemorrhoids?

varicose veins that originate above anorectal region. usually no discomfort unless they are infection or prolapsed

what is a rectal prolapse?

rectal mucosa protrudes/everts from the anus

what is a rectal prolapse associated with in children?

cystic fibrosis

what are the symptoms of bph?

hesitancy. dribbling. nocturia. dysuria. frequency. urgency. retention

what is acute prostatitis?

may acquire as std or from infection of adjacent organ. or as a complication of prostate biopsy

what are the symptoms of acute prostatitis?

fever, chills, shakes, urination problems, pain, sexual dysfunction, bacteria in urine

what are the symptoms of chronic prostatitis?

asymptomatic. frequent bladder infections. frequency. persistent pain in lower abdomen or back

what are the symptoms of prostatic carcinoma?

frequency. nocturia. hematuria. weak stream. hesitancy. burning or pain with urination. single hard nodule