PSYCHIA 11

Personality

an ingrained, enduring pattern of behaving and relating to oneself and others that includes one's perception, attitudes, and emotions regarding oneself and the world.

* maybe due to heredity, experiences, environment.

* determinant on how we treat ourselves and how we behave with others.

Intimacy

Open communication of feelings

Empathetic Understanding

Characteristics of a Healthy Relatedness

Connectedness

Disconnectedness

Parallelism

Enmeshment

Dimensions/States of Relatedness:

Ability to tolerate solitude

Autonomy

Mutuality

Interdependence

Adaptive Social Response

Manipulation

Impulsivity

Narcissism

Maladaptive Social Response

treats others as objects – after of benefits. Relationship that centers control issue to get what he/she wants.

unable to control your impulse/behavior at a certain time and place. Id is strong.

too much love of one’s self – self centered.

Personality Disorders

• rigid, inflexible, and maladaptive personality traits in response to stress.

• the capacity to cause others to feel extreme irritation and annoyance

• Interfere with social & occupational functioning

Biologic Predisposition

Childhood experiences

The drive for prestige, power and possessions

Low degree of social interaction

CAUSES OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS

Improper nutrition, neurologic defect, genetic

• Parental rewarding Ex. Tantrums

• Creativity is not encouraged to a child: child will not learn to express himself or relate to others.

• Rigid upbringing: discourages experimentation & creativity. Leads to low self-esteem. Hostility & Alienation (very dependent or rebellious).

• Parental fostering of dependency. Very conformist. Very dependent. Low self-esteem.

• Parents or authority figures display socially undesirable

5. Socially deviant person has defective egos

6. Weak superego

7. Immature superegos

CAUSES OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS IN PSYCHOSEXUAL THEORY

Cluster A

Cluster B

Cluster C

TYPES OF PERSONALITY DISORDERS

odd, eccentric behavior (bizarre, unexpected behaviors, unconventional, strange)

emotional, erratic or dramatic behavior

Anxious, Fearful Behavior

Paranoid P.D

Schizoid P.D

Schizotypal P.D

▪ Suspicious, distrustful, guarded, restricted affect

• Socially distant, detached, involved with things more than people

- Odd, eccentric behavior, acute discomfort in relationships, cognitive and perceptual distortions, odd behaviors, magical thinking, social isolation.

Antisocial P.D

• Impulsive, aggressive, manipulative

• Disregard for the rights of others, rules and laws

• Displays lack of guilt

Borderline P.D

• Impulsive, self-destructive/mutilation,

• Unstable relationships, self-image and affect

Histrionic P.D

Narcissistic P.D

▪ Excessive emotionality and attention seeking, dramatic, theatrical

• Boastful, egotistical, grandiose; lack of empathy, need for admiration Superiority complex

Obsessive-Compulsive P.D

• Preoccupation with orderliness and perfectionism, rigid and controlling

Dependent P.D

• Dependent, submissive, clingy to others

• Excessive need to taken cared of, can’t make decisions by themselves

Avoidant P.D

• Shy, timid

• Inferiority complex, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitive to negative evaluation

Passive-Aggressive P.D

• pattern of negative attitudes and passive resistance to demands for adequate performance in social and occupational situations

• sullen and argumentative, resist fulfilling obligations

Depressive P.D

• gloomy, brooding, pessimistic, guilt prone, highly critical to self and others, cheerless.

Manipulative

very good at showing to others that he’s interested in order to get trust and confidence

treat others as object and not as person

believes that all interpersonal relationship are opportunistic

unable to form satisfying and sharing relationships

Antisocial P.D

3-4x

20, 45

3%

50%

“against the rules of society”

sociopaths, psychopaths, dyssocial

repeated violation of the rights of others by doing unlawful behavior

? more common in men than in women.

peaks at the age ? and diminishes after age ?

? in general population; 3 in 100 people

? of prisoners have antisocial PD

Poorly developed Superego

Strong ID

Freud’s explanation of Antisocial Behavior

Conduct Disorder

Signs and symptoms:

Early (before 15 year old)

a. Limit Setting with manipulative behavior

Nursing Interventions:

1. Promote responsible behavior

1. State the behavioral limit

2. Identify the consequences that will occur if the limit is exceeded.

3. Identify the behavior that is expected or desired.

3 Steps in Limit Setting

Borderline P.D

separation-individualization process

toddlerhood (18 mos-3 y.o)

3x

8-10%

person is in the boundary line that separates neurosis and psychosis

failure to accomplish the, during?

has extreme fear of loneliness and being abandoned

? more common in women than in men

? of person with this disorder commit suicide

Object constancy/permanence

is achieved here also. This refer to the establishment of self as a separate individual from the other love objects/people {or parents or caregivers} and the acquisition of unique personality or self-determination

Splitting/Primary Dissociation

MAJOR DEFENSE MECHANISM OF BORDERLINE P.D

unable to integrate the good and bad aspect of themselves and others – thus, they would view themselves and others as ALL GOOD or BAD.

Thought stopping

Decatastrophizing

Cognitive Restructuring Techniques

to alter the process or critical or negative thoughts (like when bati na ang gi storya, stop him and divert the topics and discuss real events)

learning to assess situations realistically rather than always assuming a catastrophe will happen

structuring time

follow written schedule of activities.