Bio - Cells

Cell Membrane

A barrier which allows certain materials to pass in and out of cell & removes toxic materials out of cell.

Cytoplasm

A thick jelly-like structure that provides the shape of the cell, where all cellular reactions take place (proteins, respiration, mitosis, meiosis). All important organelles are present here.

Nucleus

Contains DNA, control center of the cell & contains Nucleolus.

Ribosomes

Floating organelles in Cytoplasm that make proteins.

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)

Proteins made by Ribosomes get sent in vesicles to the Golgi body.

Golgi Body/ Golgi Apparatus

Port of the cell that receives proteins and modifies/shapes them to be usable (adds liquids & solids to create form)

Mitochondria

The power station of the cell, which contains different DNA than the nucleus, and is where cellular respiration takes place.

Lysosomes

The digestive part of the cell that contains digestive enzymes and is where food is broken down into amino acids.

Vacuoles

Store house of the cell and size of it can vary in different organisms (animal & plant).

Eukaryotic Cells (One type)

Contains organelles, found in plants and animals, has a nucleus.

Prokaryotic Cells (Second type)

Doesn’t have a nucleus and has genetic material that is not contained within a nucleus.

Oxygen (O2)

For respiration (energy).

Glucose

Main source of energy.

Water

For balance and chemical reactions.

Amino acids

To make proteins.

Ions

For cell functions (e.g., potassium, sodium).