World History- Unit 7 Global Conflict

League of Nations

An organization of nations formed after World War I to promote cooperation and peace.

Anti-Semitism

hostility to or prejudice against Jews.

Fascism

A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and racism and no tolerance of opposition

Nazism

Adolf Hitler used fascism to create this type of government based on totalitarian ideas and was used to unite Germany during the 1930s.

Blitzkrieg

"Lighting war", typed of fast-moving warfare used by German forces against Poland in 1939

Genocide

the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.

Totalitarianism

A form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)

Great Depression

the economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s

Inflation

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money.

Aggression and Appeasement

Warlike acts versus giving up and giving in to the demands of an aggressor just to maintain peace.

Rationing

A limited portion or allowance of food or goods; limitation of use

Holocaust

A methodical plan orchestrated by Hitler to ensure German supremacy. It called for the elimination of Jews, non-conformists, homosexuals, non-Aryans, and mentally and physically disabled.

Reparations

As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was ordered to pay fines to the Allies to repay the costs of the war. Opposed by the U.S., it quickly lead to a severe depression in Germany.

Internment Camps

Detention centers where more than 100,000 Japanese Americans were relocated during World War II by order of the President, after Pearl Harbor, due to fear of spies and saboteurs.

Disarmament

Reduction of armed forces and weapons

annex

(v.) To add to, attach: to incorporate;(n.) An attachment or addition

Atomic Bomb

bomb dropped by an American bomber on Hiroshima and Nagasaki destroying both cities

Stock Market Crash

Another leading component to the start of the Great Depression. The stock became very popular in the 1920's, then on Oct. 29, 1929 in took a steep downturn and many lost their money and hope they had put in to the stock.

Franklin D. Roosevelt

32nd US President - He began New Deal programs to help the nation out of the Great Depression, and he was the nation's leader during most of WWII

Harry Truman

33rd President of the United States. Led the U.S. to victory in WWII making the ultimate decision to use atomic weapons for the first time. Shaped U.S. foreign policy regarding the Soviet Union after the war.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

American General who began in North Africa and became the Commander of Allied forces in Europe during WWII, then was elected to President

Douglas MacArthur

United States general who served as chief of staff and commanded Allied forces in the South Pacific during World War II

Winston Churchill

British Prime Minister who led Britain throughout most of World War II and along with Roosevelt planned many allied campaigns. He predicted an iron curtain that would separate Communist Europe from the rest of the West.

Joseph Stalin

Russian leader who succeeded Lenin as head of the Communist Party and created a totalitarian state by purging all opposition (1879-1953)

Adolf Hitler

Austrian-born founder of the German Nazi Party and chancellor of the Third Reich (1933-1945). His fascist philosophy, embodied in Mein Kampf (1925-1927), attracted widespread support, and after 1934 he ruled as an absolute dictator. Hitler's pursuit of aggressive nationalist policies resulted in the invasion of Poland (1939) and the subsequent outbreak of World War II. His regime was infamous for the extermination of millions of people, especially European Jews. He committed suicide when the collapse of the Third Reich was imminent (1945).

Hideki Tojo

Prime minister of Japan during World War II, ordered attack on Pearl Harbor

Hirohito

Emperor of Japan during WWII

Mein Kampf

'My Struggle' by hitler, later became the basic book of nazi goals and ideology, reflected obsession

Kristallnacht

(Night of the Broken Glass) November 9, 1938, when mobs throughout Germany destroyed Jewish property and terrorized Jews.

D-Day

(FDR) , June 6, 1944, 160,000 Allied troops landed along a 50-mile stretch of heavily-fortified French coastline to fight Nazi Germany on the beaches of Normandy, France. General Dwight D. Eisenhower called the operation a crusade in which "we will accept nothing less than full victory." More than 5,000 Ships and 13,000 aircraft supported the D-Day invasion, and by day's end on June 6, the Allies gained a foot- hold in Normandy.

Nuremberg Laws

1935 laws defining the status of Jews and withdrawing citizenship from persons of non-German blood.

Nuremberg Trials

A series of court proceedings held in Nuremberg, Germany, after World War II, in which Nazi leaders were tried for aggression, violations of the rules of war, and crimes against humanity.

Pearl Harbor

United States military base on Hawaii that was bombed by Japan, bringing the United States into World War II. Pearl Harbor was attacked on December 7, 1941.

Battle of Midway Island

A naval and air battle fought in World War II in which planes from American aircraft carriers stopped another assault on Hawaii and did enough damage to halt the Japanese advance. Was a major turning point in the war against Japan.

Yalta Conference

FDR, Churchill and Stalin met at Yalta. Russia agreed to declare war on Japan after the surrender of Germany and in return FDR and Churchill promised the USSR concession in Manchuria and the territories that it had lost in the Russo-Japanese War

Marshall Plan

a plan for aiding the European nations in economic recovery after World War II in order to stabilize and rebuild their countries and prevent the spread of communism.

NATO/Warsaw Pact

NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) agreement between West European states to provide mutual assistance if any one of them was attacked. the Warsaw Pact was the military alliance including all Communist states