JFK - 1961-63

What was the name of JFK’s programme addreesed in his Inaugural Address in January 1961?

“New Frontier”

What date was JFK assassinated ?

Who is the South Vietnamese leader who died 20 days before him?

22nd November 1963

Ngo Dinh Diem (2nd November 1963)

Give 2 successful domestic policies of JFK?

• Space Race

• The Equal Pay Act 1963

True/False, the majority of JFK’s “New Frontier” legislation often struggled to pass by stubborn Congress. If true, give 3 examples of this?

• True

• Civil Rights Act 1963 (eventually passed by LBJ), Medicare (Healthcare), Federal Aid to Education.

• JFK is often criticised for his hesitant actions to propose the Civil Rights Act until 1963,why did he wait 2 years to do so?

• JFK was also criticised for little action in Birmingham Alabama in the “… crusade” in 1963 in which many schoolchildren continued the fight as their parents had already been imprisoned, experiencing terrible abuse at the hands of the state, e.g.// squirted by water hoses outside shops.

• Despite this, a positive success for JFK regarding racial discrimination was when he helped James Meredith a student at the University of Mississippi, Oxford, become a registered student and end his segregation. Who did he negotiate with to ensure this happened?

• JFK feared the loss of support from the Southern Democrats

• “Children’s crusade”

• The Mississippi governor.

What did Medicare offer to do?

Fully fund healthcare for the elderly.

The Federal Aid to Education act offered to provide federal funding for elementary and secondary schools but was blocked, what other funding did Congress debate about?

• the funding of religious (Catholic) schools.

• In 1961, what foreign policy success did JFK set up with his executive order, hint- the organisation still exists today?

• This improved US image abroad by sending young Americans to what kind of nations?

• The Peace Corps

• Developing nations

• Was the Cuban Missile crisis a foreign policy success or failure for JFK? JFK’s actions are often referred to as a “masterclass of…”

• How many days did the crisis last?

• What 2 means did JFK use to avoid all-out nuclear war?

• What did the Soviets agree to do?

• Success, cold war leadershi

• 13 days

• Quarantine (blockade) and secret negotiations

• Dismantle their missiles and sent them back to the Soviet Union.

• In 1963, the USA, USSR and UK all sign the what treaty following the scare of the Cuban Missile Crisis, banning nuclear testing in the atmosphere, underwater and outerspace?

• What USSR leader signed it?

• True/False, this contributed to the beginning of improved relations between the USA and USSR?

• The Limited Test Ban treaty

• Nikita Khrushchev

• True

Give 3 foreign policy failures of JFK ?

• Bay of Pigs Invasion

• Berlin Wall construction,

• Escalation in Vietnam

• Bay of Pigs Invasion

Who was the Communist leader the CIA-backed attempt (Cuban exiles/Anti-communists) wanted to overthrow in Cuba?

By no less than … hours, the anti-Castro had to surrender?

True/False, the anti-Castro forces outnumbered Castro’s forces?

Was this a humiliation for the already inexperienced JFK?

• Fidel Castro

• 24 hours

• True

• Yes

• Berlin Wall construction,

At what summit in 1961 was JFK perceived as weak by Khrushchev and the USSR?

True/False, because of this the Soviets began constructing the Berlin wall, knowing that JFK could do nothing to prevent it?

• Vienna Summit

• True

• Escalation in Vietnam

Though yet, not all-out war, JFK increased the number of military advisors from aprox. 700 to …, more than doubling between 1961-63? This deepened US commitment to South Vietnam.

• 16,000

• JFK’s media charisma and regard as a national hero makes him comparable to what 18th US president?

• What was the name of the idyllic view of the White House that was inspired by story of King Arthur?

• What was JFK’s wife called?

• What did his wife say about the Johnson family after her husband was assassinated and he took office?

• What later US president and his wife Nancy try to revive this idealism, and what decade?

• Abraham Lincoln

• Court of Camelot

• Jackie Kennedy

• “The Johnsons are wonderful… but they’ll never be another court of camelot again.”

• Ronald Reagan in the 1980s.