Quiz 2

What is a primary effect of intoxication on activity patterns?

Changes in patterns of activity.

What are the components of drug mechanisms related to agonist spectrum?

Ligand gated ion channels and G-protein coupled receptors.

How does nicotine affect nAChR over time?

Nicotine desensitizes nAChR, causing it to be deactivated until nicotine levels decrease.

What neurotransmitter is notably increased in the accumbens due to nicotine?

Dopamine.

What happens to opioid receptors in relation to pleasure and pain?

Opioids act as agonists to the mu opioid receptor, leading to pleasure and reduced pain.

What is one consequence of prolonged opioid use regarding tolerance?

People may need to increase their dose to avoid withdrawal symptoms.

How does methodone interact with mu opioid receptors?

It binds to the receptor but causes it to be brought into the cell.

What type of receptor does caffeine antagonize to block feelings of tiredness?

Adenosine 2a receptor.

What is a typical effect of stimulants like amphetamines?

They are often manufactured in labs and enhance neurotransmitter activity.

What effect does serotonin have on the nucleus accumbens?

It can sometimes prevent activity and sometimes encourage it.