Electromagnetic Radiation and Quantum Numbers Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary and concepts related to electromagnetic radiation, quantum numbers, atomic structure, and molecular geometry from the lecture notes.

Electromagnetic Radiation

Energy embodied in oscillating electric and magnetic fields.

Wavelength

The distance between adjacent crests of a wave.

Emission Spectrum

A spectrum of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by a source.

Bohr Model

A model that describes electrons in hydrogen atom are located in "stationary states" or specific orbits.

Uncertainty Principle

States that we can never know both the exact location and speed of an electron.

Angular Momentum Quantum Number

Describes the shape of an orbital.

Spin Quantum Number

Describes the orientation of the spin of the electron.

Principal Quantum Number

Describes the size and energy of an orbital.

Visible Light

Electromagnetic radiation visible to the human eye, placed between infrared and ultraviolet on the spectrum.

Orbital

The volume in which we are most likely to find an electron.

Covalent Bond

A bond formed through the sharing of electrons between atoms.

Lewis Structure

A diagram that shows the bonding between atoms of a molecule and the lone pairs of electrons.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract electrons to itself in a chemical bond.

Bond Energy

Energy required to break 1 mole of the bond in the gas phase.

Valence Electrons

Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that are involved in chemical bonding.

Molecular Geometry

The three-dimensional arrangement of the atoms in a molecule.

Hybridization

The mixing of atomic orbitals to form new hybrid orbitals.