HESI Lymphatic System

Innate immunity

Uses first line of defense/barriers and neutrophils & macrophages to fight infections

Pathogen

Bacteria or viruses that enter the body & trigger an immune response

Phagocytes

WBCs that ingest pathogens

Examples of phagocytes

Neutrophils, eosinophils, macrophages, dendritic cells

Neutrophils

Most common WBC with small granules & multilobed nuclei

Macrophages

Horseshoe shaped nucleus that presents antigens and produce cytokines

Eosinophils

Bilobed nucleus & red granules that eliminate parasites

Basophil

A granular leukocyte that produces histamine

Natural Killer Cells

WBC that can kill tumor cells and virus-infected cells

Lysozymes

In mucous to destroy pathogens

Mast cells

Releases histamine which causes inflammation

Pyrogens

Promote fever

Adaptive immunity

slower acquired response that develops memory for faster, stronger, and more targeted future defense through T & B cells

Antigen presenting cells

Dendritic cells, macrophages & B cells that display antigens to T cells

Active Immunity

Production of antibodies by the infected person

Passive Immunity

Antibodies coming from an outside source

Naturally acquired immunity

Immunity that occurs when a person has contracted and is recovering from a disease

Artificially acquired immunity

Immunity that results from a vaccination

Artificially acquired passive immunity

injection of antibodies

Naturally acquired passive immunity

Antibodies passed from mother to fetus via the placenta & breast milk

HIV

Human Immunodeficiency Virus, causes AIDS

Functions of the lymphatic system

Fluid recovery, immunity & lipid absorption/transportation

Granulocytes

WBCs with granules in their cytoplasm

Types of Granulocytes

Neutrophils, eosinophils & basophils

What cells are involved in the elimination of parasites?

Eosinophils

B lymphocytes

Produce antibodies

T lymphocyte

Kill infected cells

What cells are involved in allergic reactions?

Basophils and eosinophils

What does red bone marrow produce?

red blood cells, white blood cells & platelets

What does yellow bone marrow do?

Stores fat

Hemoglobin

Oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells

Low platelet levels carry the risk of what?

Bleeding