hass term 2 history

Imperialism

Imperialism is when a powerful country expands its influence and control over other countries or territories.

Terra Nullius

Latin meaning 'Land belonging to nobody.' It was declared by Britain when they claimed Australia in 1788, ignoring the existence of Aboriginal peoples.

Frontier Wars

Conflicts between Aboriginal peoples and European settlers from 1788 onwards due to land occupation and resource competition.

Militarism

The belief that a country should maintain a strong military and be prepared for war, seen in the pre-WWI arms race.

Alliance

An agreement between countries to support and defend each other, which exacerbated conflicts leading to WWI.

Nationalism

Strong pride and loyalty towards one’s country, contributing to tensions before WWI as nations believed in their superiority.

Conscription

Compulsory military service; Australia held referendums on conscription in 1916 and 1917, both of which were rejected.

Propaganda

Information designed to influence opinions and behaviors, particularly to encourage enlistment and support for WWI.

ANZAC

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps, known for their role in the Gallipoli Campaign.

Federation

The uniting of Australia’s six colonies on 1 January 1901 to form one nation.

Armistice

An agreement to stop fighting, notably signed on 11 November 1918 to end WWI.

Pinjarra Massacre

A significant event during the Frontier Wars in 1834 where British settlers attacked the Binjareb people in Western Australia.

Gallipoli Campaign

A military campaign from 25 April 1915 to January 1916 aimed at capturing the Dardanelles Strait, which ultimately failed.

Trench Warfare

A combat method that emerged in WWI, characterized by soldiers fighting from deep trenches.

Battle of the Somme

A major battle fought from 1 July to November 1916, known for its high casualty rates and the use of trench warfare.