Nervous System

Test Prep

Astrocyte

Star shaped neuroglial cell between neurons and blood vessles

Axon

Nerve fiber arising from a slight elevation of the cell body that conducts and impulse away from the cell body.

Chromatophilic Substance

Corresponds to rough endoplasm reticulum in other cells

Collateral

Branch of an axon

Dendrite

Neuron process with many branches that conducts n impulse toward the cell body

Myelin

Substance of Schwan cell composed of lipoprotein

Neurilemma

Sheath of Schwan cell containing cytoplasm and nucleus that encloses myelin

Neurofibrils

Network of fine threads within nerve fiber

Effector

Structure capable of reponding to motor impulse

Ependyma

Covers the inside spaces of the ventricles

Ganglion

Specialized mass of neuron cell bodies outside the brain or spinal cord

Interneuron

Transmits impulse from sensory to motor neuron within the central nervous system

Microglia

Phagocytic neuroglial cell

Motor

Transmits impulse out of the brain or spinal cord to effectors

Oligodendrocyte

Myelin forming neuroglial cell in brain and spinal cord

Sensory

Transmits impulse into brain or spinal cord from receptors

Central Sulcus

Seperates frontal and parietal lobes

Cerebral Cortex

Thin layer of gray mater on surface of cerebrum

Convolution

Ridge of surface of cerebrum

Corpus Callosum

Connects cerebral hemisheres

Flax cerebelli

A layer of dura matter that seperates cerebellar hemispheres

Hypothalamus

Part of diencephalon that forms lower walls and floor of third ventricle

Insula

Cerebral lobe located deep within lateral sulcus

Medulla oblongata

Rounded bulge on underside of brainstem

Midbrain

Part of brainstem between diencephslon and pons

Optic chiasma

Strcture formed by the crossing over of the optic nerves

Pineal gland

cone shaped structure attached to upper posterior portion of diencephalon

Pons

Part of brainstem continoius with the spinal cord