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Basal Insulin
maintains glucose during fasting
Prandial Insulin
released after meals to correct blood sugar spike after eating
Conventional Insulins
synthetic human insulins
Analogue Insulins
modified insulins to faster or longer action
Pramlintide (Symlin)
synthetic amylin analog that decreases insulin
can be used with insulin
Peak
when hypoglycemia risk is at its highest
Regular Insulin prototype
Short/ Fast- Acting
ADR:
weight gain
lipodystrophy
*Rotate injection sites
*Treat overdose with IV D50 or glucagon
Biguanides
Usually #1 Drug
increases insulin sensitivity, decreases liver glucose
prototype: metformin
Metformin
MOA:
inhibits gluconeogenesis, hepatic glucose production, increases insulin sensitivity
ADR:
N/D/V
metallic taste
*stop taking if 2 days before/ after contrast
*black box: lactic acidosis
*contraindicated with hyperthyroid