Human Nutrition (7)

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What does a balanced diet consist of?

Carbohydrates, Proteins, Lipids, Vitamins, Minerals, Dietary Fibre, Water

What is scurvy?

name for a severe vitamin C deficiency

What are 3 symptoms for scurvy?

Tooth loss, bleeding gums & pain (Legs)

How can scurvy be treated?

with oral or intravenous vitamin C supplements

What is Rickets?

poor bone development

What are 3 symptoms of Rickets?

Bone pain, lack of bone growth & weak bones

How can Rickets be treated?

Eat lots of food containing vitamins D and calcium

What is ingestion?

is when food or substances are taken into the body

What is mechanical digestion?

Food is broken down into smaller pieces without chemical change

What is Chemical digestion?

the breakdown of larger insoluble molecules into smaller soluble molecules

What are the types of human teeth?

Incisors, Canines, Premolars & Molar

What is the function of the Incisors?

For biting and cutting into the food

What is the function of the canines?

For gripping and tearing food

What is the function of the Premolars?

For tearing and crushing food

What is the function of the Molars?

For crushing and grinding food

What is the role of the digestive system?

break down large insoluble molecules into smaller, soluble food molecules to provide the body with nutrients

What is stomach churning?

muscles which contract to physically squeeze and mix the food

Why is Chemical digestion required?

Large insoluble molecules are unable to be absorbed through the wall of the small intestines

Are Enzymes required for chemical digestion to take place?

Yes

What are the 3 digestive enzymes?

Amylase, Protease & Lipases

Where is Amylase produced?

Salivary glands, Pancreas & Small intestine

Where is Protease produced?

Stomach, Pancreas & Small intestine

Where is Lipases produced?

Pancreas & Small intestine

What is absorption?

movement of digested food molecules from the digestive system into the blood

What is Assimilation?

the process where digested food molecules are taken up by cells and used for growth, repair, and energy production