Vet Tech Prep Review

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards based on Vet Tech exam preparation materials covering pharmacology, anesthesia, and dentistry.

Xylazine

A drug commonly used as a sedative for horses.

$$5,000\,mg$$

The number of milligrams equal to $5\text{ grams}$.

Local anesthetics

A category of drugs (e.g., bupivacaine, lidocaine) that causes loss of motor function when administered during an epidural.

Cerenia (maropitant)

An injectable medication that can cause a burning or stinging sensation when given subcutaneously.

Buprenorphine

An opioid normally given by injection that can be administered orally for sedation or analgesia in an extremely fractious cat.

Telazol

A combination of the two drugs Tiletamine and Zolazepam, commonly used in veterinary anesthetic immobilizations.

Axon

The structure that carries impulses away from the neuronal cell body.

Autonomic nervous system

The system referring to the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems.

Fentanyl

An analgesic commonly delivered via a transdermal patch.

Epidural needle placement

In a dog or cat, the spinal needle is inserted into the space located between vertebrae L7 and S1.

Blood in the hub

During an epidural, this indicates you have entered the sinus and should withdraw the needle and start over.

Ketoprofen

A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that should not be used in patients with renal impairment.

Morphine

An analgesic that most often causes vomiting as a side effect in dogs.

Afferent

The term used to describe nerve fibers that carry an impulse toward the brain.

Ketamine

A dissociative anesthetic used for anesthetic induction and analgesia in veterinary medicine.

NSAID and Corticosteroid interaction

These should never be given together because it increases the risk of serious GI ulceration.

Endothelium

The type of epithelium that lines blood vessels.

Right dorsal colitis

A side effect associated with the use of Phenylbutazone (bute) for pain relief in horses.

Metacam (meloxicam) in cats

A medication known to cause kidney failure in cats, especially if used beyond a few days.

Hanging drop technique

An epidural method where correct needle placement is indicated when a drop of saline in the hub is sucked in.

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) PPE

Personal protective equipment (gloves) that should be worn when applying this substance topically to a horse.

Buprenorphine

Considered a partial mu agonist.

Butorphanol

Considered a mu antagonist/kappa agonist.

Epinephrine

The neurotransmitter associated with the sympathetic nervous system.

Lidocaine

The most common medication used to perform perineural anesthesia in a horse lameness evaluation.

Epinephrine and Lidocaine

A combination where one drug is added to the local anesthetic to prolong the duration of the effects.

Retained puppy teeth

Deciduous teeth are considered retained if they are still present after $6\text{ months}$ or the full eruption of permanent teeth.

Dental PPE

The personal protective equipment required for a dental cleaning: mask, eye protection, and gloves.

Bupivacaine

A local anesthetic of choice in veterinary dentistry that provides $3\text{ to }5$ hours of pain relief.

Wolf teeth

A type of teeth found in horses.

Plaque

Accumulations of desquamated cells, food particles, and bacteria along the teeth.

Calculus

Mineralized debris on the tooth surface.

Alginate

Material used to record impressions or imprints of teeth for orthodontic evaluation.

Enamel

The substance that covers the tooth crown.

Enamel hypoplasia

A dental condition that may be seen in a puppy who has had distemper.

Gingival hyperplasia

A condition characterized by non-painful swellings or overgrowth of the gum tissue.

Periodontum

Includes the gingiva, alveolar bone, periodontal ligament, and cementum of the tooth.

Hypsodont teeth

Teeth that continually erupt or grow throughout life, found in species such as horses and rabbits.

Rabbit

A species characterized by having a double row of incisors.

Caries

The correct term for dental decay causing demineralization of the hard tissues of the tooth.

$$10\text{ to }15\text{ seconds}$$

The maximum time an ultrasonic scaler can be used on a single tooth surface.

Cat dental formula

$$2 (I\,3/3, C\,1/1, P\,3/2, M\,1/1) = 30$$

Tetracycline

A drug that can cause discoloration of puppy teeth.

Dog permanent dental formula

$$2(I\,3/3, C\,1/1, P\,4/4, M\,2/3)$$

Bisecting angle technique

The technique needed to produce quality intra-oral radiographs.

Floating

The procedure of filing and smoothing a horse's teeth.

Endodontics

A branch of dentistry dealing with the tooth pulp and tissues surrounding the root; an example treatment is a root canal.

$$42$$

The number of adult teeth in a dog's mouth if all teeth are present.

Lingual

The tooth surface closest to the tongue.

Infraorbital block

A nerve block used to provide analgesia for dental extraction of a maxillary tooth.

Stomatitis

Inflammation of the oral mucosal surfaces.

Mesial

The tooth surface in line with the dental arcade and closest to the rostral midline.

$$0\text{ to }3\,mm$$

The normal sulcus depth of teeth in dogs as measured with a periodontal probe.

Attrition

The process where teeth gradually become worn as they make contact and grind together.

Triadan $104$

The number of the permanent right maxillary canine tooth in a dog or cat.

Needle teeth

Teeth in piglets that are usually clipped within $24\text{ hours}$ of birth.

Carnassial tooth

The largest shearing tooth of each dental arcade.

Epulis

A non-malignant oral tumor.

Apical

A term describing something that is closer to the root of a tooth relative to another structure.

Triadan $307$

The number for the premolar closest to the canine on the left mandible in a cat.

Goat upper incisors

The quantity of upper incisors in a goat is zero.