Chinese Archi

Dragon

National symbol

In south

Copper, tin, zinc, antimony, tungsten, manganese and mercury

In north

Soil is chifly loses and alluvium with a marked absence of trees

TImber

Principal material in china

Bamboo, pine and the Persia nammu

The tallest and straightest of all the rees in china

Glazed tiles or majolica

Walls are also faed with

Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism

Are the dominantt faiths

Confucianism

New code of social conduct and Philosophy of life

Taoism

Founded by Lao Tzu; doctrine of universal love as his solution to social disorder

Buddhism

Introduced to China under the Han Dynasty

Calligraphy and painting

Higher forms of art than dancing or drama

China’s traditional values

Derived from various versions of Confucianism and conservatism

Feng shui

Widely used to orient buildings

Steep roofs, enclosed courtyards

Snome management, heat retention

Wide eaves, stilt houses

Rain protection, ventilation

Rammed earth walls, flat roofs

Insulation, minimal rain adaptation

Thich stone walls, small windows

Heat conservation, crop drying

Paleolithic

Most famous specimen of Homo erectus found in China is the so called Peking Man

Neolithic

WIth agriculture came increased population, the ability to store and redistribute crops

Xia Dynasty

The first dynasty to be described in ancient historical records

Shang Dynasty

Discovered, inscriptions of divination records in ancient Chinese writing on the bones or shells of animals

Han Dynasty

Was the first ynasty to embrace the Philosophy of Confucianism

Northern and Southern Dynasty

China’s architecture first develped noticeably as a esult of buddhism

Tang and Song Dynasty

China’s building methods maturing rapidly

Ming and Qing Dynasty

High levels of skills were developed in the arrangement and layout of groups of buildings

Tulou

Communal fortresses for protection

Imperial

Reserved solely for buildings built for the emperor of China

Yellow Color

Roof tiles for Imperial color

Blue roof tiles

Temple of heaven color to symbolize the sky

Red Color

The color of wooden columns of the buildings, as well as the surfaces of the wall

Imperial style

Buddhist architecture follows the

Elaborate ornamental cresting

Roof chief features

Roof decorations

Man riding bird, nine beasts, immortal figure, and dragon

Roofs covered with enameled tiles of S-Shape (Pan Tiles)

Used to form cover joint as a protection from the driving wind

Most pronounced features composed of

• Up turned corner eaves

• Heavy Ornaments

• Superposition of Roofing

Pai-Lou

Chinese ceremonial gateway erected in memory of an eminent person

Stone and wood

Features and basic symbolic structure of Chinese Architecture

Towers

Stone, square like those in the great wall, shows influence of Mesopotamia in the use of arch and vault

Pagoda

Most typical chinese building is usually octagonal in plan, odd number of stories, usually 9 r 13 storeys repeated roofs

Bricks

sometimes have a glazed coloured surface and walls are also faed with glazed tiles or majolica

Fogong Temple Pagoda

The oldest existent fully wooden pagoda in China

Rice paper

Used instead of glass in windows

Dougong

The system of brackets inserted between the top of a column and crossbeam

Tou-kung

Cluster of brackets

Chinese ornament

Expresses national characteristics color schemes

Yellow tiles

Palaces

Red Tiles

Mandarin Houses

Blue, Green, Purple tiles

Other Houses

Pagoda

Chinese style buildings are called Pagoda

Pailions

Ting

Terraces

Tai

Multistory

Lou

Curved roofs

To ward off evil spirits

Temples

Normal tupe consists of three lofty pavillions of one storey

Tombs

Memorial structure, created only for ancestral worship

Palaces

Imperial palaces an official residents were erected isolated

Shenyang imperial Palace

The oldest palace in China

Forbidden City Complex

World’s largest Palace

Siheyuan

Chinese houses called

Anji Bridge in Zhaoxian

Most famous stone arch bridge in China built during the Song Dynasty

Great wall of China

Most famous ancient chinese building undertakings

Xian tomb

The tomb of Qin Shihuangi near Xian, took 36 years to build

Terracotta Army

Collection of sculptures depicting the armies of Qin Shi Huang

Qin Shi Huang

The first Emperor of China

Mausolea

Elaborate funeral and lavish tombs were provided for the rulers of ancient China, also called an imperial tombs

Shinsanling tombs in Changping

For burial of thireen Ming Emperors and Empresses

Lingen Memorial Hall

One of the Largest ancient timber framed buildings

Grottoes

Introduced to china from india

Shrines

Used in ancient China for making sacrifices to ancestors and famous historical personages

Tiantan Shrine

Built for emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties

Nine

A lucky number in China so the Emperor will Have (blank) roof guardians

Grottoes

Also known as the Thousand Buddha Caves