Language Disorders: Intellectual and Sensory Handicaps

These flashcards capture key concepts related to language disorders, including definitions and descriptions of various disorders and cognitive support structures.

Intellectual Disability

Substantial limitations in present functioning characterized by significantly subaverage intellectual functioning and limitations in adaptive skill areas.

Intellectual Disability Manifestation

Occurs before age 18.

IQ Threshold for Intellectual Disability

IQ scores of less than 70-75 (2 standard deviations below the mean) indicate intellectual disability.

Levels of Support for Intellectual Handicaps

1. Intermittent: episodic or short-term; 2. Limited: consistent but less intensive; 3. Extensive: long-term daily support; 4. Pervasive: constant high-intensity support.

Communication Skills Patterns in Intellectual Disability

Differences in language skills and expression compared to mental age, necessitating in-depth assessments for interventions.

Down Syndrome Characteristics

Caused by an extra copy of the 21st chromosome, resulting in various challenges, including mild to moderate intellectual disability.

Fragile X Syndrome

A genetic condition that often leads to intellectual disability, characterized by a lack of a specific protein and common in families.

Cochlear Implant (CI)

A device that converts sound into electrical signals to stimulate the auditory nerve, used in individuals with profound hearing loss.

Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD)

A group of disorders characterized by impairments in language, social relationships, and behavior that go beyond simple immaturities.

Social Communication Disorder

A condition affecting both verbal and nonverbal communication without the presence of restricted or repetitive behaviors.