Moro Resistance to Spanish Aggression

This set of vocabulary flashcards covers the major phases, key personalities, and socio-political impacts of the Spanish-Moro Wars as detailed in the lecture transcript.

Spanish-Moro Wars

The series of conflicts fought between the Spaniards and the Moros from the arrival of Miguel Lopez de Legazpi in 1565 until the Spanish departure in 1898.

Guerras piraticas

A Spanish term literally meaning "wars against pirates," which was used to describe the Spanish-Moro wars to justify Spanish aggression against the southern independent Sultanates.

Sultanate

The sophisticated socio-political organization that influenced Mindanao and Sulu through the Islamic faith, proving more difficult for Spaniards to subdue than the barangays of Luzon and Visayas.

Pat a Pengampong ko Ranao

A multi-centric and multi-power indigenous socio-political organization of the Maranaos, composed of the four principalities: Bayabao, Masiu, Unayan, and Baloi.

Cesar Adib Majul

The historian who divided the history of the Spanish-Moro Wars into six distinct phases.

The First Phase (1565 – 1578)

Known as "The Brunei Cut Off," this phase aimed to eliminate Brunei as a rival power and economic influence in the Philippines.

The Second Phase (1578 – 1597)

Termed "Strongholds" by Peter Gowing, this phase involved Spanish attempts to establish forts and colonies in Moro territories and exact tribute.

Spice Islands

The popular European name for the Moluccas, which the Spaniards intended to conquer using Mindanao and Sulu as operational bases.

The Third Phase (1599-1600)

Termed "Counter Attacks" by Peter Gowing, this period was characterized by retaliatory Moro raids against Spanish-controlled territories in Luzon and Visayas.

Camucones

Professional pirates from the Kuran area of the northeastern coast of Borneo who conducted independent raids often confused with sanctioned Moro military actions.

Datu Sirungan

The Rajah of Buayan who was known for his knowledge of Islamic Law, humane treatment of prisoners, and for leading 3000 warriors in attacks against Panay, Negros, and Cebu.

Datu Buisan

The Rajah Mudah of Maguindanao who conducted a raid in Dulag, Leyte, and entered into a significant blood compact with Waray datus to resist Spanish rule.

Rajah Bongsu

The Sultan of Sulu who attacked the Spanish shipyard in Camarines and was noted for a noble character, seen in his releasing of the captive Doa Lucia without ransom.

Datu Amai Pakpak

Legal defender of Marahui who successfully resisted Governor-General Valeriano Weyler in 1891 before falling in battle against Governor-General Blanco in 1895.

Sultan Kudarat

The Maguindanao leader who maintained peace for nearly half a century through a treaty and delivered a famous speech to the Maranaos warning of "toilsome slavery" under Spain.

La Caldera

The location in Zamboanga where the Spaniards built a fort (now known as Fort Pilar) in 1597 after abandoning their fort in Tampakan.

Ternate

An Islamized island kingdom in the Moluccas that provided warriors to help the Maguindanao and Buayan Sultanates against Spanish incursions.

Military Impressment

The Spanish practice of forcing colonized subjects from Luzon and the Visayas to serve in military expeditions against the Moros.