DH224 Final study guide Chapters 1-2, 5-7, 8-10, 12-13, and midterm.

The science and art of preventing and controlling dental diseases and promoting dental health through community efforts is termed ________.

Surgeon General's Report

Secretary of Health and Human Services Report

Dental public health

Dental hygiene

None of these

Dental public health

3 multiple choice options

Which one of the following is listed as one of the 10 great public health measures adopted during the 20th century?

Medical insurance

Medical insurance copayments

Community water fluoridation

Bottled water

None of these

Community water fluoridation

3 multiple choice options

There is a critical shortage of dental assistants in the United States.

True

False

False

Dental public health functions need to be secured and implemented across all areas to ensure the same level of ________.

Coverage

Quality

Performance

All of these

None of these

All of these

3 multiple choice options

Demographic information suggests a correlation between oral health status and ________.

Socioeconomic status

Oral health disparities

Community targets

Baseline data

None of these

Socioeconomic status

3 multiple choice options

Which of the following involves making certain that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-effective services to read agreed-upon public a.health goals?

b.Assessment

c.Policy Development

d.Assurance

e.Serving All Functions

f.None of these

d.Assurance

When fulfilling the administrator role, a dental public health hygienist ________.

a.Lobbies to change laws

b.Conducts research

c.Provides clinical care

d.Educates and promotes dental health

e.Develops and coordinates public health programs

e.Develops and coordinates public health programs

From its inception, dental hygiene has had a strong foundation in managing ________.

a.Dental abscesses

b.Dental care delivery

c.Emergency room triage

d.Facial reconstruction

e.None of these

b.Dental care delivery

Which of the following involves the monitoring of the health of communities?

a.Assessment

b.Policy Development

c.Assurance

d.Serving All Functions

e.None of these

a.Assessment

Which of the following is the process by which society makes decisions about problems?

a.Assessment

b.Policy Development

c.Assurance

d.Serving All Functions

e.None of these

b.Policy Development

T/F:Community water fluoridation works both systemically and topically.

True

The fundamental requirement for all health information pamphlets provided to consumers is that they must be ________.

a.Repetitious

b.Easy to read

c.Visually appealing

d.Accurate

e.All of these

d.Accurate

In 1917, dental hygiene students at Fones School provided dental hygiene care to which unique target population?

a.Schoolteachers

b.Dental students

c.School nurses

d.Military soldiers

e.None of these

d.Military soldiers

Some theories suggest that xylitol decreases dental decay ________.

a.By strengthening dentin

b.By increasing demineralization

c.Because bacteria do not adsorb well on the tooth surface

d.By strengthening enamel

e.Because bacteria are killed by the xylitol by-products

c.Because bacteria do not adsorb well on the tooth surface

The first constituent dental hygiene association was started in ________.

a.Connecticut

b.Cleveland

c.Hartford

d.New Mexico

e.Massachusetts

a.Connecticut

The only valid opposition ever utilized in relation to fluoridating public water supplies was ________.

a.A Communist plot

b.An abuse of police power

c.The cause of AIDS

d.Forced medicine

e.A violation of personal freedom

e.A violation of personal freedom

Fones believed that the dental hygienist could best serve society by practicing ________.

a.In the dental hygiene school

b.In the private sector

c.Restorative dentistry in school clinics

d.Outside the dental practice, in non-dental settings

e.None of these

d.Outside the dental practice, in non-dental settings

Over the past decade, most states have expanded the scope of which type of practice?

a.Dentistry

b.Dental hygiene

c.Dental therapy

d.Community dental health coordinators

b.Dental hygiene

Dental hygiene is the only health care profession based exclusively on which type of care?

a.Restoration

b.Rehabilitation

c.Prevention

d.Urgent

e.Emergency

c.Prevention

Dental hygiene was historically founded as which type of profession?

a.Dental public health

b.Cosmetic

c.Restorative

d.Referral

e.Healing

a.Dental public health

Which of the following dictates services to ensure the promotion of health and prevention of disease and injury?

a.Needs Assessment

b.Public Health Goals

c.Health Care Reform

d.Public Health Demands

e.Human Services Planning

b.Public Health Goals

Which of the following involves making certain that all populations have access to appropriate and cost-effective services to read agreed-upon public health goals?

a.Assessment

b.Policy Development

c.Assurance

d.Serving All Functions

e.None of these

c.Assurance

Dental infrastructure in the United States consists of government and private entities, and the provision of dental care is provided primarily by the ________.

a.Community clinics

b.Primary care clinics

c.Private practice offices

d.Emergency rooms

e.None of these

c.Private practice offices

Factors affecting dental care delivery include which of the following?

a.The development of the dental hygiene profession

b.Access issues

c.The decrease in periodontal diseases

d.Both The development of the dental hygiene profession and Access issues

e.None of these

d.Both The development of the dental hygiene profession and Access issues

Community water fluoridation is especially beneficial for which target population?

a.Those of low socioeconomic levels

b.Federal inmates

c.Those with minor periodontal problems

d.The elderly

e.Military personnel

a.Those of low socioeconomic levels

Dental hygienists have the ability to improve total health by ________.

a.Applying laminates

b.Restoring teeth

c.Preventing dental diseases

d.Managing health care

e.None of these

c.Preventing dental diseases

Fones believed that the dental hygienist could practice as an outreach worker with an emphasis on ________.

a.Fluoride applications

b.The Fones toothbrushing technique

c.Oral hygiene instruction

d.Scaling and polishing

e.Mass pediatric prevention

e.Mass pediatric prevention

T/F:Dental hygienists provide diagnostic and therapeutic services aimed at attaining and maintaining oral health.

True

One mission of the American Dental Hygienists' Association is to ________.

a.Expand member benefits to the entire dental team

b.Increase the membership to include the entire dental team

c.Improve the public's total health

d.Monitor over-the-counter dental products

c.Improve the public's total health

Dental hygienists initially practiced in which setting(s)?

a.Schools

b.Stores

c.Industry

d.Ships

e.Both Schools and Industry

a.Schools

Many state dental associations initially were opposed to the dental hygiene profession because ________.

a.It was composed of women, who were better suited to work at home

b.They thought preventing dental disease might end the need for dentists

c.It seemed to focus on cosmetics

d.They were hoping the new profession would focus on tooth extractions, allowing them more time to restore teeth

e.None of these

b.They thought preventing dental disease might end the need for dentists

Dental hygienists should work with which target population when aiming community promotional activities at the importance of a healthy diet in oral health?

a.Dentists

b.Physicians

c.Nurses

d.Dieticians

e.Teachers

d.Dieticians

For an individual with poor oral care, what must be changed in order for him or her to adopt a healthy behavior such as daily brushing?

a.Life force

b.Instinct

c.Behavior

d.Value

e.None of these

d.Value

T/F: The last step in the learning ladder is the involvement step.

False

T/F: The social-cognitive theory postulates that an individual needs to be made aware of a health issue before he/she can act on it.

False

The changes an individual must make in order to attain health—which include precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, maintenance, and action—are the foundation of which theory?

a.Transtheoretical model

b.Healthy belief model

c.Five-dimensional model

d.Quality-of-life model

e.None of these

a.Transtheoretical model

Which of the following theories reinforces the belief that social pressure is significant in influencing behavior?

a.Transtheoretical

b.Social-cognitive

c.Maslow's hierarchy

d.Theory of reasoned action

e.None of these

b.Social-cognitive

When using the five-dimensional health model, a patient's trust in a dental hygienist would be a positive input to which dimension?

a.Mental

b.Physical

c.Psychological

d.Spiritual

e.Emotional

e.Emotional

The teaching of health behaviors that bring an individual to a state of health awareness is termed health ________.

a.Instruction

b.Assessment

c.Education

d.Promotion

e.None of these

c.Education

What occurs when an individual gains control over his/her environment?

a.Social molding

b.Imitation

c.Modeling

d.Competence

e.None of these

d.Competence

A broad statement that reflects the final outcome is a(n) ________.

a.Analysis

b.Assessment

c.Goal

d.Needs assessment

e.None of these

c.Goal

T/F: The verb, understand, is often open to misinterpretation when developing an objective.

True

Which teaching method uses problem-based learning skills?

a.Discussion

b.Inquiry

c.Case reviews

d.Lecture

e.None of these

b.Inquiry

T/F:An appropriate objective for a presentation given to the physician's assistants on dental disease etiology is: Following the presentation, the physician's assistants will be able to describe the dental caries process in compliance with the presented information.

True

Which of the following is categorized as a learning domain?

a.Knowledge

b.Application

c.Affective

d.Problem solving

e.None of these

c.Affective

The lowest level of learning is ________.

a.Problem solving

b.Affective

c.Application

d.Knowledge

e.None of these

d.Knowledge

T/F: Medical conditions frequently affect oral health.

True

Women who are pregnant present with a variety of oral health needs, including which of the following?

a.Changes in oral health because of pregnancy

b.Education in the care of their infant's oral health needs

c.Education in denture care

d.Both Changes in oral health because of pregnancy and Education in the care of their infant's oral health needs

e.All of these

d.Both Changes in oral health because of pregnancy and Education in the care of their infant's oral health needs

With which age group is it most appropriate to discuss halitosis?

a.Teenagers

b.Day care workers caring for infants

c.Older adults

d.Preschoolers

e.Both Teenagers and Day care workers caring for infants

a.Teenagers

Supervision of dental hygienists by dentists

Legal barrier to dental care

faith-based initiatives

The role of religious organizations in health care

Lack of faith in treatment

Limitation in education or trust in health care provider

Bulimia

eating disorder characterized by excessive eating followed by purging

hearing impairment

Limitation in hearing

visual impairment

Limitation in sight range from a slight impairment in vision to complete blindness

When treating a school-aged child it is important to direct the question to the child first so that the child realizes that he/she is your patient.

a.The first statement is true, the second statement is false.

b.The first statement is false, the second statement is true.

c.Both statements are true.

d.Both statements are false.

e.None of these

c.Both statements are true.

What age group is interested in obtaining knowledge and continuing to strive for independence?

a.Infants

b.Pregnant women

c.Older adults

d.Elementary school-age children

e.None of these

d.Elementary school-age children

During which stage does the hygienist employ revisions?

a.Dental hygiene diagnosis

b.Implementation

c.Planning

d.Assessment

e.All of these

b.Implementation

During which stage does the dental hygienist prioritize need?

a.Evaluation

b.Assessment

c.Implementation

d.Dental hygiene diagnosis

e.Both Evaluation and Assessment

d.Dental hygiene diagnosis

T/F:The Fones prevention program planning model includes education as an integral part in prevention.

True

During which stage does the dental hygienist consider the population's needs, facilities, resources, and funding?

a.Planning

b.Dental hygiene diagnosis

c.Assessment

d.Implementation

e.Evaluation

c.Assessment

During which stage are the goals/objectives measured?

a.Assessment

b.Implementation

c.Evaluation

d.Dental hygiene diagnosis

e.Planning

c.Evaluation

In the first dental hygiene health model, the Fones program planning model emphasized ________.

a.Prevention of illness

b.Culture

c.Assessment

d.Both Prevention of illness and Culture

e.None of these

a.Prevention of illness

During which stage of the program planning process does the dental hygienist identify methods to measure goals?

a.Dental hygiene diagnosis

b.Planning

c.Assessment

d.Implementation

e.Evaluation

b.Planning

Which of the following would be the most effective type of public health preventive program?

a.Fluoride mouthrinse program

b.Screening and referral program

c.Athletic mouthguard fabrication program

d.Both Fluoride mouthrinse program and Athletic mouthguard fabrication program

e.None of these

d.Both Fluoride mouthrinse program and Athletic mouthguard fabrication program

Personnel needs, sometimes referred to as workforce needs, are analyzed during which stage?

a.Planning

b.Assessment

c.Implementation

d.Dental hygiene diagnosis

e.Evaluation

b.Assessment

T/F:The Association of State and Territorial Dental Directors uses a six-step model to plan an effective program.

False

A dental index should have which characteristic(s)?

a.Sensitivity

b.Quantifiability

c.Objectivity

d.Clarity

e.All of these

e.All of these

The Sulcus Bleeding Index (SBI) is an index used when studying which type of oral hygiene intervention?

a.Fluoride

b.Floss

c.Polishing product

d.Sealants

e.None of these

b.Floss

Which term(s) indicate(s) that an index uses the "Ramfjord teeth"?

a.Simplified

b.M

c.S

d.Both M and S

e.All of these

e.All of these

Quantitative evaluation generally refers to ________.

a.How well a program did

b.How much a program accomplished

c.How many personnel were used

d.Both How well a program did and How much a program accomplished

e.None of these

b.How much a program accomplished

The Patient Hygiene Performance Index (PHP) assesses the extent of ________.

a.Plaque and debris

b.Gingival inflammation

c.Plaque

d.Gingival bleeding

e.All of these

a.Plaque and debris

T/F:The BSS is the Basic Screening Survey developed by the American Dental Hygienists' Association.

False

The focus on evaluation should occur during which stage of the program?

a.Evaluation

b.Assessment

c.Implementation

d.Planning

e.All of these

e.All of these

Which teeth are included in the "Ramfjord teeth"?

a.#1

b.#3

c.#12

d.Both #3 and #12

e.All of these

d.Both #3 and #12

Which type of evaluation method uses face-to-face interviews?

a.Analysis

b.Clinical

c.Nonclinical

d.Assessment

e.None of these

c.Nonclinical

T/F: A National Oral Health Surveillance system has been developed based on a set of oral health indicators used by Healthy People 2010.

True

During which stage does the dental hygienist prioritize needs?

A.Evaluation

B.Assessment

C.Implementation

D.Dental hygiene diagnosis

E.Both Evaluation and Assessment

D.Dental hygiene diagnosis

The core public health function is ________.

a.Assessment

b.Synopsis

c.Analysis

d.Preface

e.None of these

a.Assessment

Dental public health is the science of providing oral health care

and education to the public and emphasizes the science of

________.

a.Dentistry

b.Urgent health care

c.Prosthodontics

d.Dental hygiene

e.None of these

d.Dental hygiene

Which one of the following is listed as one of the 10 great public

health measures adopted during the 20th century?

a.Medical insurance

b.Medical insurance copayments

c.Community water fluoridation

d.Bottled water

e.None of these

c.Community water fluoridation

Factors affecting dental care delivery include which of the

following?

a.The development of the dental hygiene profession

b.Access issues

c.The decrease in periodontal diseases

d.Both The development of the dental hygiene profession and

Access issues

e.None of these

d.Both The development of the dental hygiene profession and

Access issues

The dramatic increase in average life span during the 20th

century is credited to a public health program such as ________.

a.Community water fluoridation

b.Dental insurance premiums

c.Vaccination

d.Malpractice

e.Both Vaccination and Malpractice

c.Vaccination

T/F: Community oral health has a similar meaning to dental public

health.

True

Which of the following dictates services to ensure the promotion

of health and prevention of disease and injury?

a.Needs Assessment

b.Public Health Goals

c.Health Care Reform

d.Public Health Demands

e.Human Services Planning

b.Public Health Goals

From its inception, dental hygiene has had a strong foundation in

managing ________.

a.Dental abscesses

b.Dental care delivery

c.Emergency room triage

d.Facial reconstruction

e.None of these

b.Dental care delivery

T/F: Certain populations face barriers to dental care in the United

States.

True

Dental public health functions need to be secured and

implemented across all areas to ensure the same level of

________.

a.Coverage

b.Quality

c.Performance

d.All of these

e.None of these

d.All of these

Fones believed that the dental hygienist could best serve society

by practicing ________.

a.In the dental hygiene school

b.In the private sector

c.Restorative dentistry in school clinics

d.Outside the dental practice, in non-dental settings

e.None of these

d.Outside the dental practice, in non-dental settings

Formulating a dental hygiene diagnosis for a group presentation

occurs before which stage?

a.Planning

b.Needs activity

c.Qualitative assessment

d.Assessment

e.None of the answers are correct

a.Planning

T/F: Community water fluoridation works both systemically and

topically.

True

T/F: It is necessary to motivate a population to effectively promote

value adoption and behavior change

True

Dental hygiene is the only health care profession based

exclusively on which type of care?

A.Restoration

B.Rehabilitation

C.Prevention

D.Urgent

E.Emergency

C.Prevention

Dental hygienists have the ability to improve total health by

________.

A.Applying laminates

B.Restoring teetH

C.Preventing dental diseases

D.Managing health care

E.None of these

C.Preventing dental diseases

Age, language, habits, culture and availability are all potential

examples of which of the following?

A.Barriers to care

B.Demographic population

C.Healthcare delivery system

D.Target population

A.Barriers to care

Dental hygiene was historically founded as which type of

profession?

A.Dental public health

B.Cosmetic

C.Restorative

D.Referral

E.Healing

A.Dental public health

T/F: Dental hygienists provide diagnostic and therapeutic services

aimed at attaining and maintaining oral health.

True

Community water fluoridation is especially beneficial for which

target population?

A.Those of low socioeconomic levels

B.Federal inmates

C.Those with minor periodontal problems

D.The elderly

E.Military personnel

A.Those of low socioeconomic levels

T/F: Individuals from ethnic minorities, individuals from lower-income

households, and individuals with special needs have the highest

rates of untreated dental diseases.

True

Which sectors are included in the dental care delivery system in

the United States?

A.Private sector

B.Federal government

C.State government

D.All of these

E.None of these

D.All of these