Biochemistry - TCA Cycle Steps

Step 1: In + Out + Enzyme

Acetyl Co-A is converted to Citrate with the Citrate Synthase

(C-C bond formation to make citrate)
(H₂O is added and CoA-SH leaves)

Step 2: In + Out + Enzyme

Citrate is converted to Isocitrate through Aconitase
(Isomerization via dehydration and rehydration)
(H₂O in and H₂O out)

Step 3: In + Out + Enzyme

Isocitrate is converted to alpha-ketoglutarate from isocitrate dehydrogenase
(CO₂ leaves)

Step 4: In + Out + Enzyme

Alpha-ketoglutarate is converted into Succinyl-CoA from alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
(CoA-SH in and CO₂ leaves)

Step 5: In + Out + Enzyme

Succinyl-CoA is converted into Succinate from succinyl-CoA synthetase
(GDP and P_i in → GTP + CoA-SH out)

Step 6: In + Out + Enzyme

Succinate is converted into Fumarate from succinate dehydrogenase
(FADH₂ out)

Step 7: In + Out + Enzyme

Fumarate is converted into Malate from Fumarase
(H₂O in)

Step 8: In + Out + Enzyme

Malate is converted into Oxaloacetate from Malate Dehydrgenase