ENZYMES and collision theory too I guess

ENZYMES ENZYME SY SNDYMS CLLLSION THEORY COLLISION THEORU COLEI

What are enzymes?

Specialised proteins that are biological catalysts. They are also considered macromolecules

What does it mean when an enzymes are “catalysts”?

Catalysts reduce the energy used for a chemical reaction, whilst also speeding the reaction up

TRUE OR FALSE: Every enzyme has a specific substrate

True

What are the two models of enzyme and substrate binding?

1. Lock-and-key

2. Induced fit

Where do substrates bind on the enzyme?

On the active site

True or false: Enzymes are able to catalyse one reaction after another (as in: they can be used again)

True

What are the two processes in which enzymes build up or break down substrates?

1. Catabolic (build up)

2. Anabolic (break down)

/What does it mean for kinetic energy when there is higher temperatures?

Higher temperature = higher kinetic energy

What does it mean for catalyst enzyme reactions when there is higher kinetic energy?

Higher kinetic energy = higher collision with particles (as in, enzymes and substrates)

What is denaturing a consequence of?

Higher temperatures, and higher pHs

What is denaturing?

When the active site changes, preventing substrate binding and thus a catalysed reaction

True or false: pH does not vary greatly with enzymes

FALSE.

pH DOES vary greatly depending on the type of enzymes. Some enzymes function in acidic environments, whilst some enzymes function in alkaline environments

What theory can be mostly linked to enzymes? (hint: starts with a c)

Collision theory

What is collision theory?

It explains how chemical reactions can occur more efficiently and faster depending on two major factors:

1. Correct orientation

2. Enough sufficient energy

In the context of collision theory, what would a lower volume mean?

A higher chance of frequent collisions and thus more reactions occurring

In the context of collision theory, what would an increase of particle concentration mean?

More frequent collisions and thus more reactions

In the context of collision theory, what would a higher surface area mean?

More chances of collision and thus more frequent reactions